Risultati della ricerca - limitation of (actions OR action) report

The English and empiire digest with complete and exhaustive annotations di Skottowe, P.

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The English and empiire digest with complete and exhaustive annotations di Skottowe, P.

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The all england law reports di Amesllm,C

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The all england law reports di Amesllm,C

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The all england law reports di Amesllm,C

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Marketing research : concepts, practices, and cases / di Easwaran, Sunanda

Sommario: “...Preface v Acknowledgements viii Part One Introduction to Marketing Research Nature and Scope of Marketing Research Introduction 3 (1) Marketing Research 4 (4) Marketing Decision-making 8 (2) Scope of Marketing Research 10 (16) Case Studies 19 (7) The Role of Research in Marketing Introduction 26 (1) Problem-solving Vs Opportunity Definition Research 27 (4) Quality of Research 31 (3) The Decision-making Perspective 34 (12) Case Study 43 (3) Practical Tips for Researchers Introduction 46 (1) Manager--Researcher Dialogue 47 (3) Defining the Boundaries of Marketing Research 50 (2) Marketing Intelligence and Marketing Research 52 (1) Actionable Research 53 (6) Part Two Planning for Marketing Research Stages in Planning Marketing Research Introduction 59 (1) The Marketing Research Brief 59 (2) Defining the Marketing Research Problem 61 (2) Hypotheses Generation 63 (3) The Marketing Research Proposal 66 (2) The Sample 68 (5) Types of Research Introduction 73 (1) Research Approaches 74 (8) Research Approaches for Marketing Decision Stages 82 (9) Types and Sources of Data Introduction 91 (1) Classification of Data 91 (2) Methods of Data Collection 93 (4) Errors in Data Collection 97 (13) Annexure 6.1 108 (2) Experimentation Introduction 110 (1) Causality 111 (1) Experiments in Marketing Research 112 (1) Validity in Experiments 113 (2) Types of Experimental Designs 115 (11) The Limitations of Experiments 126 (4) Interview Techniques Introduction 130 (1) The Choice of Respondents 131 (1) Survey Techniques 132 (6) The Appropriate Interview Method 138 (9) Sampling Introduction 147 (1) Sampling 148 (6) Sampling Techniques 154 (1) Probability Sampling Techniques 155 (5) Non-probability Sampling 160 (1) Determining the Sample Size 161 (10) Designing Questionnaires and Interview Guides Introduction 171 (1) Designing a Questionnaire 172 (4) Errors in Questionnaire Design and the Flow Chart 176 (6) Questionnaires for Telephone and Internet Surveys 182 (1) Projective Techniques and Interview Guides 183 (2) Reproduction of the Questionnaire 185 (6) Building Attitude Exploration into Questionnaires Introduction 191 (1) Measurement of Data 192 (5) Types of Attitude Scales 197 (17) Reliability and Validity of Scales 214 (4) Considerations in Scale Construction 218 (7) Case Studies 225 (14) Part Three Implementing Research: Quantitative Surveys Fieldwork, Data Editing, Tabulation, and the Basic Concepts of Analysis Introduction 239 (1) Fieldwork 239 (6) Coding and Editing of Data 245 (4) Tabulation of Data 249 (4) Preliminary Analysis of Data 253 (9) Other Measures of Association 262 (12) SPSS Commands 274 (17) Specific Techniques for Analysis of Data Introduction 291 (1) Parametric and Non-parametric Tests 292 (1) Parametric Tests 293 (7) Non-parametric Tests 300 (14) Computer Based Techniques of Data Analysis Introduction 314 (1) Reduction and Grouping of Data 314 (2) Discriminant Analysis 316 (9) Factor Analysis 325 (6) Cluster Analysis 331 (15) Multidimensional Scaling 346 (14) Conjoint Analysis 360 (9) The Influence of Data Analysis on Research Design 369 (46) Case Studies 376 (10) Annexure 14.1 386 (4) Annexure 14.2 390 (9) Annexure 14.3 399 (11) Annexure 14.4 410 (5) Part Four Qualitative Research and its Implementation Qualitative Research Introduction 415 (1) Qualitative Research 416 (10) Skills Required in a Qualitative Researcher 426 (2) Client--Researcher Relationship 428 (1) Forte of Qualitative Research 429 (1) Qualitative Research vs Quantitative research 429 (2) Relationship between Qualitative and Quantitative Research 431 (3) Strengths and Limitations of Qualitative Research 434 (3) Commencement of the Qualitative Research Study 437 (26) Case Study 447 (5) Annexure 15.1 452 (3) Annexure 15.2 455 (4) Annexure 15.3 459 (4) Qualitative Research Methodology Introduction 463 (1) Methodological Frameworks of Qualitative Research 464 (1) Focus Group Discussions 464 (2) Organization in Focus Group Discussions 466 (6) In-depth Interview 472 (1) Flow of Communication in In-depth Interviews 473 (4) Variations in Qualitative Research Methodology 477 (1) Role Demeanour and Skills of a Moderator 478 (1) Guidelines for Effective Moderation 479 (7) Moderation of Focus Group Discussions 486 (1) Projective Techniques 487 (1) Types of Projective Techniques 488 (3) Specific Projective Techniques 491 (4) The Innovative Methodologies of Qualitative Research 495 (16) Case Study 505 (6) Analysis and Interpretation of Qualitative Research Data Introduction 511 (1) Qualitative Research Analysis 512 (6) Process of Qualitative Research Analysis 518 (1) Content Analysis of the Transscripts and Video Tapes 519 (5) Analysis Approach for Qualitative Research 524 (3) Customized Analysis of Qualitative Data 527 (6) Data Interpretation in Qualitative 533 (3) Research Analysis Presentation of Qualitative Analysis Findings 536 (3) Analysis and Interpretation 539 (10) Case Study 542 (7) Part Five Getting Meaning Out of Data and its Application Report Writing and Presentation Introduction 549 (1) A Marketing Research Report 549 (8) Presentation of a Marketing Research Report 557 (1) Ethical Issues in Marketing Research Report Writing 558 (4) Interpretation of Marketing Research Reports Introduction 562 (1) The Marketing Research Report 562 (4) Using Marketing Research 566 (6) Applications of Marketing Research Introduction 572 (1) Marketing Research for Specific Market Situations 573 (6) Marketing Research During Various Product Life Cycle Stages 579 (4) Market Research Models for Effective Marketing Mix 583 (3) Other Applications of Marketing Research 586 (1) Marketing Research and Brand Positioning 587 (4) Research for Market Segmentation 591 (1) Research for Market Forecasting 592 (3) Research for Developing and Evaluating Marketing Strategies 595 (7) Index 602...”

Business law di Keenan, Denis

Sommario: “...Guided Tour xii Preface xv Legal Study Skills xvi Case Names, Citations and Law report Abbreviations xix Acknowledgements xxii Table of Cases xxiii Table of Statutes xxxvi Table of Statutory instruments xxxix Table of European and other Legislation xlii PART 1: INTRODUCTION TO LAW The Nature of Law 3 (10) Learning Objectives 3 (1) Classification of Law 3 (3) The Common Law 6 (1) Equity 7 (1) Some Basic Principles of Legal Liability 8 (1) Law of Property 9 (1) Self-Test Questions/Activities 10 (1) Specimen Examination Questions 10 (1) Website References 11 (2) Law Making 13 (34) Learning Objective 13 (1) Causes of Legal Change 13 (1) Legal Change and the Changing World 13 (2) Law Reform 15 (1) The Sources of Legal Change 15 (1) Law-Making Processes 16 (9) European Community Law 25 (14) Human rights 39 (5) Self-test questions/Activities 44 (1) Specimen examination questions 44 (1) Website References 45 (2) Resolving Disputes 47 (28) Learning Objectives 47 (1) Legal Services 47 (1) The Legal Profession 47 (2) Other Legal Personnel 49 (1) Other Sources of Information and Advice 50 (1) Methods of Dispute Settlement: the Courts 51 (1) Criminal Courts 52 (6) Civil Courts 58 (6) Other Important Courts 64 (1) Tribunals 65 (2) Alternative dispute resolution 67 (2) Ombudsmen 69 (1) Regulators 69 (1) Self-test questions/activities 69 (2) Specimen examination questions 71 (1) Website References 71 (4) PART 2: BUSINESS ORGANISATIONS Classification and Survey of Types of Business Organisation 75 (26) Learning Objectives 75 (1) Classification of Business Organisations 75 (3) Natural and Juristic Persons 78 (2) Survey of Types of Business Organisations: Advantages and Disadvantages 80 (1) Commencement of Business 80 (1) Raising Business Finance - Generally 81 (1) Raising Business finance - Securities 82 (1) Charges 82 (2) Guarantees 84 (1) Mortgages 85 (2) Mortgages of Personal property 87 (1) Mortgages of Choses in action 88 (1) Liability of the Proprietors 88 (1) Continuity 89 (1) Publicity and External Control of the undertaking 90 (2) Taxation and National Insurance 92 (4) Planning 96 (2) Self-Test Questions/Activities 98 (1) Specimen Examination Questions 99 (1) Website references 99 (2) Non-Corporate Organisations-Sole Traders and Partnerships 101 (52) Learning Objectives 101 (1) The Sole Trader 101 (1) Formation of the Business 101 (2) Dissolution 103 (1) Debt Recovery 103 (2) Bankruptcy procedure - generally 105 (1) The Petition 106 (1) Schemes of Arrangement Under the Deeds of Arrangement Act 1914 106 (1) The Interim Order and Voluntary Arrangement under the Insolvency Act 1986 107 (1) The Effect of a Bankruptcy order - generally 108 (1) Committee of Creditors 109 (1) The Public Examination 110 (1) The Family Home 110 (1) Proof of Debt 111 (1) Mutual dealings - Set off 111 (1) Carrying on the Business and Disclaimer 111 (1) Transactions at an Undervalue and Preferences 111 (2) Payment of the Creditors - Preferential payments 113 (1) Protection of Employees 113 (1) Trade Creditors 114 (1) Deferred Creditors 114 (1) Discharge of the Bankrupt 114 (1) The Ordinary Partnership 115 (1) Definition and Nature of a Partnership 115 (3) The Sharing of Profits as evidence of Partnership 118 (1) Types of Partners 119 (2) Membership of the Firm 121 (1) The Firm and the Firm name 122 (1) The Relationship Between Partners and Outsiders 123 (1) Partners' Powers 123 (3) Liability of Incoming and Outgoing Partners 126 (2) Relationship of Partners Within the Partnership 128 (5) Dissolution 133 (5) Ordinary Limited Partnerships 138 (1) Limited Liability Partnerships 139 (4) Reform: A Partnership With Legal Personality 143 (2) Model Form of Ordinary (or Unlimited) Partnership Deed 145 (5) Self-Test Questions/Activities 150 (1) Specimen Examination Questions 151 (1) Website References 152 (1) Companies 153 (60) Learning Objectives 153 (1) Types of Registered Companies 153 (1) Public and Private Companies 154 (1) Formation 155 (1) Pre-Incorporation Contracts 156 (2) The Company's Constitution 158 (6) Articles of Association 164 (4) Financing the Company 168 (5) The Issue of Shares and Debentures 173 (1) Procedures for Issuing Shares to the Public 174 (1) Regulation of the Securities Market and of Admission to it 175 (1) Offers of Unlisted Securities 176 (1) The Remedy of Rescission 177 (1) Membership 177 (2) Meetings, Resolutions and Annual Return 179 (4) Protection of Minority Interests 183 (2) Directors and Secretary 185 (8) Powers of Directors 193 (3) Company Insolvency and Corporate Rescue 196 (1) Liquidation 197 (3) Alternatives to Liquidation: Company Rescue Procedures 200 (1) Administration 201 (6) Self-test Questions/Activities 207 (1) Specimen Examination Questions 208 (1) Website References 208 (5) PART 3 BUSINESS TRANSACTIONS Introduction to the Law of Contract 213 (60) Learning Objectives 213 (1) Business Contracting - generally 213 (1) Nature of a Contract 214 (1) Types of Contract 214 (1) Essentials of a Valid Contract 215 (24) Genuineness of Consent 239 (1) Mistake 239 (4) Misrepresentation 243 (3) Rescission 246 (2) Duress and Undue Influence Legality 248 (3) Competition Policy 251 (6) Discharge of Contracts 257 (4) Remedies 261 (6) Limitation of Actions 267 (1) Self-Test Questions/Activities 268 (3) Specimen Examination Questions 271 (1) Website References 272 (1) Types of Business Contract 273 (14) Learning Objectives 273 (1) Contracts for the Supply of Goods 273 (2) Contracts of Bailment 275 (1) Employment Contracts 275 (1) Contracts of Agency 275 (4) Contracts Concerning Land 279 (1) Contracts form Financial Services 279 (1) Standard form Contracts 280 (4) Self-test Questions/Activities 284 (1) Specimen Emamination Questions 284 (1) Website References 285 (2) The Terms of Business Contracts 287 (22) Learning Objectives 287 (1) Certainty of Terms 287 (2) Puffs, Representations and Terms 289 (1) Types of Contractual Terms 290 (1) Express and implied Terms 291 (2) Exemption Clauses-the Law 293 (5) Unfair Contract Terms Act 1977 298 (5) Unfair Terms in Consumer Contracts Regulations 1999 303 (2) Reform 305 (1) Fair Trading Act 1973 306 (1) Self-test Questions/Activities 306 (1) Specimen Examination Questions 307 (1) Website References 308 (1) Contracts for the Supply of Goods and Services 309 (30) Learning Objectives 309 (1) Sale of Goods 310 (1) Definition 310 (1) Formation 310 (1) The Implied Terms 310 (6) Transfer of Property in the Goods 316 (3) Sale by a Person Who is not the Owner 319 (3) Reform of the Law Relating to Transfer of Title Contained in SS 21-26 of the Sale of Goods Act 1979 322 (1) Performance of the Contract 323 (3) Remedies 326 (3) Supply of Goods and Services 329 (1) Implied Terms in Contracts for the Supply of Goods (Part I) 330 (1) Implied Terms in Contracts for the Supply of Services (Part II) 331 (1) Manufacturer's Liability in Contract 332 (3) Reform and Guarantees 335 (1) Self-test Questions/Activities 335 (2) Specimen Examination Questions 337 (1) Website References 337 (2) Business and the Law of Tort 339 (26) Learning Objectives 339 (1) Tortious Liability 339 (1) Basis of Tortious Liability 339 (1) Proof of Damage 340 (1) Causation 340 (1) Defences 341 (3) Remedies 344 (1) Limitation of Actions 344 (1) Specific Torts Relevant to Business 345 (2) Defective Goods 347 (5) Defective Services - generally 352 (2) Lawyers 354 (1) Accountants and Auditors 354 (2) Valuers and Surveyors 356 (1) Other torts Relevant to Business 357 (2) Rule in Rylands v Fletcher 359 (3) Self-test Questions/Activities 362 (1) Specimen Examination Questions 362 (1) Website References 363 (2) Criminal Liability in Business 365 (26) Learning Objectives 365 (1) Criminal Law and the Supplier of Goods and Services 365 (1) Misdescription of Goods and Services 366 (4) Reform of the Trade Descriptions Act 1968 370 (1) Misleading Price Indications 371 (2) Product Safety 373 (3) Safety and Quality of Food 376 (2) Other Criminal Liability for the Supply of Goods and Services 378 (1) Criminal Liability - generally 378 (1) Other Crimes Relevant to Business 379 (5) Stock Exchange Frands 384 (4) Self-Test Questions/Activities 388 (1) Specimen Examination Questions 389 (1) Website References 390 (1) Credit 391 (22) Learning Objectives 391 (1) Types of Credit 392 (7) Consumer Credit Act 1974 399 (12) Agreements Covered by the Act 400 (2) Licensing of Credit and Hire Businesses 402 (1) Seeking Business 403 (1) Signing Credit or Hire Agreements 404 (1) Cancellation 405 (1) Credit Reference Agencies 405 (1) Liability of the Supplier and Creditor 406 (2) Termination and Default 408 (3) Self-test Questions/Activities 411 (1) Specimen Examination Questions 412 (1) Website References 412 (1) Consumer Protection 413 (22) Learning Objectives 413 (1) Who is a Consumer? ...”

A preface to marketing management / di Peter, J. Paul

Sommario: “...4 (9) Strategic Planning and Marketing Management 4 (1) The Strategic Planning Process 5 (8) The Complete Strategic Plan 13 (1) The Marketing Management Process 13 (5) Situation Analysis 14 (2) Marketing Planning 16 (2) Implementation and Control of the Marketing Plan 18 (1) Marketing Information Systems and Marketing Research 18 (1) The Strategic Plan, the Marketing Plan, and Other Functional Area Plans 18 (2) Marketing's Role in Cross-Functional Strategic Planning 18 (2) Conclusion 20 (3) Appendix Portfolio Models 23 (4) PART B MARKETING INFORMATION, RESEARCH, AND UNDERSTANDING THE TARGET MARKET 27 (50) Marketing Research: Process and Systems for Decision Making 28 (12) The Role of Marketing Research 28 (1) The Marketing Research Process 29 (9) Purpose of the Research 29 (1) Plan of the Research 30 (5) Performance of the Research 35 (1) Processing of Research Data 35 (1) Preparation of the Research Report 36 (1) Limitations of the Research Process 36 (2) Marketing Information Systems 38 (1) Conclusion 39 (1) Consumer Behavior 40 (13) Social Influences on Consumer Decision Making 41 (2) Culture and Subculture 41 (1) Social Class 42 (1) Reference Groups and Families 43 (1) Marketing Influences on Consumer Decision Making 43 (2) Product Influences 43 (1) Price Influences 43 (1) Promotion Influences 44 (1) Place Influences 44 (1) Situational Influences on Consumer Decision Making 45 (1) Psychological Influences on Consumer Decision Making 45 (1) Product Knowledge 45 (1) Product Involvement 46 (1) Consumer Decision Making 46 (6) Need Recognition 47 (1) Alternative Search 48 (1) Alternative Evaluation 49 (1) Purchase Decision 49 (1) Postpurchase Evaluation 50 (2) Conclusion 52 (1) Business, Government, and Institutional Buying 53 (11) Categories of Organizational Buyers 53 (1) Producers 53 (1) Intermediaries 54 (1) Government Agencies 54 (1) Other Institutions 54 (1) The Organizational Buying Process 54 (1) Purchase-Type Influences on Organizational Buying 55 (1) Straight Rebuy 55 (1) Modified Rebuy 55 (1) New Task Purchase 55 (1) Structural Influences on Organizational Buying 56 (2) Purchasing Roles 56 (1) Organization-Specific Factors 57 (1) Purchasing Policies and Procedures 57 (1) Behavioral Influences on Organizational Buying 58 (2) Personal Motivations 58 (1) Role Perceptions 58 (2) Stages in the Organizational Buying Process 60 (3) Organizational Need 61 (1) Vendor Analysis 61 (1) Purchase Activities 61 (1) Postpurchase Evaluation 61 (2) Conclusion 63 (1) Market Segmentation 64 (13) Delineate the Firm's Current Situation 64 (1) Determine Consumer Needs and Wants 65 (1) Divide Markets on Relevant Dimensions 65 (8) A Priori versus Post Hoc Segmentation 66 (1) Relevance of Segmentation Dimensions 66 (1) Bases for Segmentation 67 (6) Develop Product Positioning 73 (1) Decide Segmentation Strategy 74 (1) Design Marketing Mix Strategy 75 (1) Conclusion 76 (1) PART C THE MARKETING MIX 77 (90) Product and Brand Strategy 78 (16) Basic Issues in Product Management 78 (9) Product Definition 78 (1) Product Classification 79 (1) Product Quality and Value 80 (1) Product Mix and Product Line 81 (1) Branding and Brand Equity 82 (4) Packaging 86 (1) Product Life Cycle 87 (2) Product Adoption and Diffusion 89 (1) The Product Audit 90 (2) Deletions 90 (1) Product Improvement 90 (2) Organizing for Product Management 92 (1) Conclusion 93 (1) New Product Planning and Development 94 (13) New Product Strategy 95 (2) New Product Planning and Development Process 97 (5) Idea Generation 97 (2) Idea Screening 99 (1) Project Planning 99 (1) Product Development 100 (1) Test Marketing 100 (1) Commercialization 101 (1) The Importance of Time 101 (1) Some Important New Product Decisions 102 (3) Quality Level 102 (2) Product Features 104 (1) Product Design 104 (1) Product Safety 104 (1) Causes of New Product Failure 105 (1) Need for Research 105 (1) Conclusion 106 (1) Integrated Marketing Communications: Advertising, Sales Promotion, Public Relations, and Direct Marketing 107 (19) Strategic Goals of Marketing Communication 107 (1) Create Awareness 107 (1) Build Positive Images 108 (1) Identify Prospects 108 (1) Build Channel Relationships 108 (1) Retain Customers 108 (1) The Promotion Mix 108 (1) Integrated Marketing Communications 109 (2) Advertising: Planning and Strategy 111 (1) Objectives of Advertising 111 (1) Advertising Decisions 112 (7) The Expenditure Question 113 (2) The Allocation Question 115 (4) Sales Promotion 119 (4) Push versus Pull Marketing 119 (2) Trade Sales Promotions 121 (1) Consumer Promotions 121 (1) What Sales Promotion Can and Can't Do 121 (2) Public Relations 123 (1) Direct Marketing 123 (1) Conclusion 124 (1) Appendix: Major Federal Agencies Involved in Control of Advertising 125 (1) Personal Selling, Relationship Building, and Sales Management 126 (15) Importance of Personal Selling 126 (1) The Sales Process 127 (7) Objectives of the Sales Force 127 (1) The Sales Relationship-Building Process 128 (5) People Who Support the Sales Force 133 (1) Managing the Sales and Relationship-Building Process 134 (6) The Sales Management Task 135 (1) Controlling the Sales Force 136 (3) Motivating and Compensating Performance 139 (1) Conclusion 140 (1) Distribution Strategy 141 (16) The Need for Marketing Intermediaries 141 (1) Classification of Marketing Intermediaries and Functions 141 (2) Channels of Distribution 143 (1) Selecting Channels of Distribution 144 (3) Specific Considerations 144 (3) Managing a Channel of Distribution 147 (3) Relationship Marketing in Channels 147 (1) Vertical Marketing Systems 147 (3) Wholesaling 150 (1) Store and Nonstore Retailing 151 (4) Store Retailing 151 (1) Nonstore Retailing 152 (3) Conclusion 155 (2) Pricing Strategy 157 (10) Demand Influences on Pricing Decisions 157 (2) Demographic Factors 157 (1) Psychological Factors 157 (1) Price Elasticity 158 (1) Supply Influences on Pricing Decisions 159 (3) Pricing Objectives 159 (1) Cost Considerations in Pricing 159 (2) Product Considerations in Pricing 161 (1) Environmental Influences on Pricing Decisions 162 (1) Competition 162 (1) Government Regulations 162 (1) A General Pricing Model 163 (3) Set Pricing Objectives 163 (1) Evaluate Product-Price Relationships 163 (1) Estimate Costs and Other Price Limitations 164 (1) Analyze Profit Potential 165 (1) Set Initial Price Structure 165 (1) Change Price as Needed 166 (1) Conclusion 166 (1) PART D MARKETING IN SPECIAL FIELDS 167 (32) The Marketing of Services 168 (15) Important Characteristics of Services 170 (4) Intangibility 170 (1) Inseparability 171 (1) Perishability and Fluctuating Demand 172 (1) Client Relationship 172 (1) Customer Effort 173 (1) Uniformity 174 (1) Providing Quality Services 174 (2) Customer Satisfaction Measurement 175 (1) The Importance of Internal Marketing 175 (1) Overcoming the Obstacles in Service Marketing 176 (2) Limited View of Marketing 177 (1) Limited Competition 177 (1) Noncreative Management 177 (1) No Obsolescence 178 (1) The Service Challenge 178 (4) Banking 179 (1) Health Care 179 (1) Insurance 180 (1) Travel 180 (1) Implications for Service Marketers 181 (1) Conclusion 182 (1) Global Marketing 183 (16) The Competitive Advantage of Nations 184 (1) Organizing for Global Marketing 185 (5) Problems with Entering Foreign Markets 185 (2) Organizing the Multinational Company 187 (3) Programming for Global Marketing 190 (5) Global Marketing Research 190 (2) Global Product Strategy 192 (1) Global Distribution Strategy 193 (1) Global Pricing Strategy 194 (1) Global Advertising and Sales Promotion Strategy 194 (1) Entry and Growth Strategies for Global Marketing 195 (2) Conclusion 197 (2) SECTION II ANALYZING MARKETING PROBLEMS AND CASES 199 (14) A Case Analysis Framework 200 (7) Analyze and Record the Current Situation 201 (4) Analyze and Record Problems and Their Core Elements 205 (1) Formulate, Evaluate, and Record Alternative Courses of Action 206 (1) Select and Record the Chosen Alternative and Implementation Details 206 (1) Pitfalls to Avoid in Case Analysis 207 (1) Communicating Case Analyses 208 (4) The Written Report 209 (2) The Oral Presentation 211 (1) Conclusion 212 (1) SECTION III FINANCIAL ANALYSIS FOR MARKETING DECISIONS 213 (10) Financial Analysis 214 (8) Break-Even Analysis 214 (2) Net Present Value Analysis 216 (2) Ratio Analysis 218 (4) Conclusion 222 (1) SECTION IV DEVELOPING MARKETING PLANS 223 (12) A Marketing Plan Framework 224 (9) Title Page 225 (1) Executive Summary 225 (1) Table of Contents 226 (1) Introduction 226 (1) Situational Analysis 226 (1) Marketing Planning 226 (2) Implementation and Control of the Marketing Plan 228 (2) Summary 230 (1) Appendix---Financial Analysis 230 (3) References 233 (1) Conclusion 233 (2) Chapter Notes 235 (7) Index 242...”

Proactive purchasing in the supply chain : the key to world-class procurement / di Burt, David N.

Sommario: “...Multiple Sourcing Share of Supplier's Capacity Local, National, and International Sourcing Manufacturer or Distributor "Green" Supply Management Minority- and Women-Owned Business Enterprises Ethical Considerations Reciprocity Consortium Purchasing and Group Buying Disaster Plans Summary Appendix Illustrative Plant Survey Financial Statement Analysis Planning a Facility Visit Endnotes Suggested Reading Chapter 14 Global Supply Management Global Management Perspective Future of Global Supply Management Stages to Global Supply Management Reasons for Global Sourcing Potential Problems Questions Before Going Global Supply Channels Global Trade Intermediaries International Procurement Offices Direct Suppliers Eliminating Intermediaries Identifying Direct Suppliers Qualifying Direct Suppliers Preparing for Direct Relations The Initial Meeting Currency and Payment Issues Exchange Rates Payments Letters of Credit Countertrade Countertrade's Advantages Countertrade's Disadvantages Supply Management's Role Creative Countertrade Political and Economic Alliances European Union North American Free Trade Agreement MERCOSUR Association of Southeast Asian Nations Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation Summary Appendix Currency Risk Hedging Endnotes Suggested Reading Chapter 15 Total Cost of Ownership Three Components of Total Cost Acquisition Costs Ownership Costs Post-Ownership Costs TCO, Net Present Value (NPV) Analysis, and Estimated Costs The Importance of Total Cost of Ownership in Supply Management Service Providers Retail Manufacturing Supply Chains/Supply Networks Summary Appendix: Supply Management in Action Endnotes Suggested Reading Chapter 16 Price and Cost Analysis Introduction General Economic Considerations Conditions of Competition Variable-Margin Pricing Product Differentiation Six Categories of Cost Regulation by Competition Price Analysis Competitive Price Proposals Regulated, Catalog, and Market Prices Internet/e-Commerce II Historical Prices Supply and Demand Factors Independent Cost Estimates Cost Analysis Cost Analysis Defined Capabilities of Management Efficiency of Labor Amount and Quality of Subcontracting Plant Capacity Sources of Cost Data Potential Suppliers Supply Partners Cost Models Direct Costs Direct Labor Direct Materials Tooling Costs Learning Curves Cumulative Curve and the Unit Curve Target Cost Estimation Indirect Costs Engineering Overhead Material Overhead Manufacturing Overhead General and Administrative Selling Recovering Indirect Costs Activity-Based Costing Target Costing Profit Resisting Arbitrary Price Increases Summary Appendix A: Application of Learning Curves Appendix B: Discounts Endnotes Suggested Reading Chapter 17 Methods of Compensation Introduction to Compensation Arrangements Observation Contract Cost Risk Appraisal Technical Risk Contract Schedule Risk General Types of Contract Compensation Arrangements Fixed Price Contracts Incentive Contracts Cost-Reimbursement Contracts Specific Types of Compensation Arrangements Firm Fixed Price Contracts Fixed Price with Economic Price Adjustment Contracts Fixed Price Redetermination Contracts Incentive Arrangements Fixed Price Incentive Fee Cost Plus Incentive Fee Arrangements Cost Plus Fixed Fee Arrangements Cost Plus Award Fee (CPAF) Cost without Fee Cost Sharing Time and Materials Letter Contracts and Letters of Intent Considerations When Selecting the Method of Compensation Summary Endnotes Suggested Reading Chapter 18 Negotiations Introduction Objectives of Negotiation Quality Fair and Reasonable Price On-Time Performance Control Cooperation Supplier Relationship Management When to Negotiate Supply Management's Role in Negotiation The Supply Management Professional Acting Alone The Supply Management Professional as the Negotiating Team Leader The Negotiation Process Preparation Establishing Objectives Identify the Desired Type of Relationship Five Powerful Preparation Activities The BATNA The Agenda "Murder Boards" and Mock Negotiations Crib Sheets Draft Agreements Face-to-Face Discussions Fact Finding Recess Narrowing the Differences Hard Bargaining Techniques Universally Applicable Techniques Transactional Techniques Collaborative and Alliance Negotiating Techniques The Debriefing: An Incredible Learning Opportunity Documentation Online Negotiation Advantages to Online Negotiation An Example of a Successful Application of Negotiating Online Drawbacks to Online Negotiation Negotiating for Price Price Analysis Negotiation Cost Analysis Negotiation Characteristics of a Successful Negotiator Summary Endnotes Suggested Reading Chapter 19 Contract Formation and Legal Issues Litigation Prevention Dispute Resolution Negotiation Mediation Litigation Arbitration Courts Development of Commercial Law Electronic Contract Considerations: Cyber Law Attempts to Revise the UCC Basic Legal Considerations Status of an Agent The Purchase Contract Letters of Intent Special Legal Considerations Inspection Rights Rights of Rejection Title and Risk of Loss Warranties Evergreen Contracts Order Cancellation and Breach of Contract JIT Contracts Honest Mistakes Patent Infringement Restraint of Trade Laws International Considerations Contracts for the International Sale of Goods Foreign Corrupt Practices Act Summary Endnotes Suggested Reading Chapter 20 Contract and Relationship Management Need for Better Contract Management Preaward Conference: The Stage Has Been Set Monitoring and Controlling Project Progress Operations Progress Reports Gantt Charts CPM and PERT Closed-Loop MRP Systems Monitoring and Controlling Total Supplier Performance Supplier Performance Evaluation Motivation Punishment Rewards Assistance Transformational Training Quality Audits and Supply System Reviews Problem Solving Collaboration Managing the Relationship Summary Appendix A: Supplier Reporting Requirements for Unique Major Projects Appendix B: How Critical Path Scheduling Works Appendix C: Supplier Questionnaire Endnotes Suggested Reading Chapter 21 Ethics and Social Responsibility Ethics in the Supply Management Context Professional Supply Management Ethics Principles and Standards of Ethical Supply Management Conduct National and International Supply Management Conduct Important Areas Requiring Amplification Avoid Sharp Practices Competitive Bidding Negotiation Samples Treating Salespeople with Respect Substandard Materials and Services Gifts and Gratuities Management Responsibilities Written Standards Ethics Training and Education Departmental Environment Miscellaneous Factors Dealing with Gray Areas The Four Way Test Social Responsibilities Summary Endnotes Suggested Reading Chapter 22 Implementing World-Class Purchasing in the Supply Chain Designing an Effective Purchasing/Supply Management Department The Purchasing Planning Function Defining Planning Four Phases of Planning The Organizing Function The Five Basic Steps to Organizing Basic Concepts of Organizing Organizing for Supply Chain Management The Staffing Function The Directing Function Leadership Leadership and the Purchasing Profession The Controlling Function Evaluating the Purchasing/Supply Management Department The Annual Report Risk Management New Focus on Risk Management Appendix A: The Institute for Supply Management Awards for Excellence in Supply Management Appendix B: From Reactive to Proactive Procurement: A Case Study Appendix C: Raytheon Supply Base Optimization, April Appendix D: At Rolls-Royce North America, an Organizational Shift Is the Driving Force Behind an Innovative New Journey to Engage Its Supply Chain Endnotes Suggested Reading Epilogue The Future of Supply Management Index...”

The curriculum : theory and practice / di Kelly, A. V. (Albert Victor)

Sommario: “...160 (3) Developed approaches to curriculum evaluation 163 (7) The politicization of curriculum evaluation 170 (4) Evaluation and pupil assessment 172 (1) Evaluation as curriculum control 173 (1) Teacher appraisal and accountability 174 (6) Models of accountability 175 (3) Current policies and practices 178 (2) Implications for educational research 180 (5) Limitations on research 181 (1) The `school effectiveness movement' 182 (3) Summary 185 (2) The Politicization of the School Curriculum 187 (26) Direct and indirect political influences 188 (2) Competing ideologies 190 (1) The early historical context 190 (1) The `Golden Age' 191 (1) Contradictory developments 192 (4) The challenge to teacher autonomy 193 (1) The initial ambivalence of officialdom 194 (2) The shift to direct intervention and control 196 (17) The end of the `Golden Age' 196 (2) Major landmarks in the move towards central control 198 (11) Events since 1988 209 (4) What the Average Politician Understands about Education 213 (1) The Flaws Endemic to Central Planning by Politicians 214 (27) Falling standards 215 (3) The category error of adopting a commercial planning model 218 (10) Competition rather than co-operation 219 (3) An increased emphasis on management 222 (1) Privatization 223 (2) Planning by targets 225 (3) Knee-jerk, short-term planning 228 (6) Equality and sameness 229 (1) The assimilation of knowledge 230 (1) Underachievment and self-image 231 (1) Testing and measurement 231 (1) Faith schools 232 (1) Professional collaboration 232 (2) The effects of centralized control on the development of curriculum theory and practice 234 (2) The refusal to learn from developments in curriculum theory 234 (1) The de-intellectualization of the curriculum debate 235 (1) The premises of direct intervention and control 236 (5) That the purpose of the schooling system is only to support the economy 236 (1) That the education system is deficient 237 (1) That teachers should be merely operators 237 (1) That educational planning is a scientific activity 238 (1) Conclusions 239 (2) A Democratic and Educational Curriculum 241 (35) The pressures for a national curriculum 242 (2) Before the National Curriculum 243 (1) The case for a common core to the curriculum 244 (3) The argument from the nature of knowledge 244 (1) The argument from the principle of equality 245 (2) Some problems and difficulties 247 (2) The nature of knowledge and values 247 (1) The politics of knowledge 248 (1) A `balanced' curriculum 249 (3) A metaphor 249 (1) Planning the curriculum as a totality 250 (1) Balancing other factors 250 (1) Balance as an individual matter 251 (1) Common processes and principles 252 (3) Learning through subjects 252 (1) The need for guidelines and broad procedural principles 252 (1) Areas of experience 253 (1) Curriculum as process and education as development 254 (1) The political case for the National Curriculum 255 (4) The lack of a theoretical frame 255 (1) The underlying instrumentalism 256 (1) Its intrinsic elitism 257 (2) The National Curriculum and curriculum research and development 259 (5) Developmental psychology 259 (1) A developmentally appropriate curriculum 259 (1) Curriculum dissemination 260 (1) Assessment and evaluation 261 (1) Two underlying messages 262 (2) Implications for curriculum theory and research 264 (3) The importance of the freedom to experiment 264 (1) Maintaining the understandings and insights 265 (1) The loss of opportunities for empirical research 266 (1) Democratic imperatives 267 (3) Democracy as a moral system 267 (1) Anti-democratic ideologies 268 (1) Loss of freedom 269 (1) The key features of a democratic and educational national curriculum 270 (6) A curriculum for equality 270 (1) The role of the professional educator 271 (1) Key features 272 (1) Fundamental principles 273 (3) A chronology of curriculum development and change 276 (4) Bibliography 280 (17) Government reports and other official publications referred to in the text 297 (3) Author index 300 (5) Subject index 305...”