نتائج البحث - contribution movement

Tensions within the internal market : the functioning of the internal market and the development of horizontal and flanking policies / حسب Vries, Sybe Alexander de

جدول المحتويات: "…Acknowledgements Introduction The origin of this study: tensions within the internal market 3 (3) The purpose, central question and background of this study 6 (1) Horizontal and flanking policies and the internal market: defining and delimiting the topic 7 (8) Horizontal and flanking policies 8 (4) The internal market 12 (3) The relevant general principles of Community law 15 (9) The principle of proportionality 15 (2) The principle of Community loyalty 17 (1) The integration principle 18 (6) The plan 24 (3) The Application of the Free Movement Rules Introduction 27 (1) The material, personal and territorial scope of the free movement rules 27 (10) The material scope 28 (1) In general 28 (2) Horizontal and flanking activities 30 (3) The personal scope 33 (3) The territorial scope 36 (1) Conclusions 37 (1) The application of the free movement rules: the prohibitions 37 (12) The prohibition: towards market access 38 (1) Indistinctly applicable measures 38 (1) Towards a market access based test 39 (2) Selling arrangements 41 (3) Inherent restrictions 44 (2) Article 29 EC and the exportation of goods 46 (1) Tariff barriers 47 (1) Article 25 EC 47 (1) Article 90 EC 47 (1) Conclusions 48 (1) The application of the free movement rules: the exceptions 49 (50) The scope of the Treaty exceptions 49 (1) Overriding requirements of public interest 50 (1) Conditions for invoking the exceptions 51 (1) No harmonisation measure 52 (1) Non-economic interests 52 (3) Proportionality 55 (2) The protection of horizontal and flanking policy interests 57 (1) The protection of the environment 57 (1) The protection of health and life of humans, animals or plants: Article 30 EC 58 (1) The protection of the environment as overriding requirement of public interest 59 (1) The condition that environmental measures should apply without distinction 59 (3) The proportionality test: the assessment of environmental measures 62 (4) The protection of consumers 66 (1) The protection of health and safety of consumers 66 (1) The protection of consumers as overriding requirement of public interest 66 (2) The condition that consumer protection measures should apply without distinction 68 (2) The proportionality test: the assessment of consumer protection measures 70 (7) The protection of public health 77 (1) The protection of public health as Treaty exception 77 (1) The safeguarding of the financial stability of a health care system as overriding requirement of public interest 78 (1) (No) condition that health measures should apply without distinction 79 (2) The proportionality test: the assessment of public health measures 81 (4) The protection of culture 85 (1) The protection of national treasures possessing artistic, historic or archaeological value: Article 30 EC 85 (3) Culture and public policy: Article 46 EC 88 (1) Culture as overriding requirement of public interest 89 (1) (No) condition that cultural measures should apply without distinction 89 (4) The proportionality test: the assessment of cultural measures 93 (3) Conclusions 96 (3) The Application of the Competition Rules Introduction: the growing relevance of competition law 99 (2) In general: the material, personal and territorial scope of the competition rules 101 (14) The material scope 101 (3) The personal scope 104 (1) The concept of undertaking in general 104 (3) Horizontal and flanking activities 107 (6) The territorial scope 113 (2) Conclusions 115 (1) The application of the competition rules and the Member States 115 (66) Article 87 EC: the prohibition on state aids 115 (1) The grant of aid for horizontal and flanking policy reasons 116 (1) The scope of Article 87(1) EC: the concept of aid in relation to `normal undertakings' 117 (7) The scope of Article 87(1) EC: the concept of aid in relation to `public service undertakings' 124 (9) The distortion of competition and trade 133 (4) The exceptions: state aids that can be justified for horizontal and flanking policy reasons 137 (1) The scope of Articles 87(2) and 87(3) EC 137 (3) The environment 140 (4) Consumer protection 144 (1) Public health 145 (4) Culture 149 (4) Conclusions 153 (1) Article 86 EC: public undertakings and exclusive rights 153 (1) The scope of Article 86(1) EC: the concept of exclusive rights in relation to horizontal and flanking activities 154 (1) Exclusive rights and the competition rules: different approaches in the case law 155 (4) Article 86(2) EC: the justification for public service undertakings 159 (1) The scope of Article 86(2) EC in general 159 (6) The environment 165 (2) Consumer protection 167 (1) Public health 168 (1) Culture 169 (2) Conclusions 171 (1) Articles 3(1) sub g, 10 and 81 & 82 EC 172 (1) The useful effect doctrine 172 (5) Exceptions 177 (2) The relevance of the useful effect doctrine for national competition authorities 179 (2) Conclusions 181 (1) The application of the competition rules and undertakings 181 (66) Article 81 EC: the cartel prohibition 182 (1) Introduction 182 (1) Article 81(1) EC: the restriction of competition 183 (1) The object or effect to restrict competition 183 (3) Appreciability or De minimis 186 (3) The rule of reason 189 (2) Inherent restrictions 191 (7) Exemptions: restrictive practices that can be justified for horizontal and flanking policy reasons 198 (1) The scope of Article 81(3) EC 198 (5) The environment 203 (5) Consumer protection 208 (2) Public health 210 (4) Culture 214 (5) Conclusions 219 (2) Article 82: the prohibition on abuse of a dominant position 221 (1) The scope of Article 82 EC: abusive behaviour and horizontal and flanking policy considerations 221 (1) The abuse of a dominant position 222 (1) Dominance 223 (2) Abuse 225 (5) The objective justification 230 (1) Conclusions 231 (1) Merger Regulation 139/2004 232 (1) The scope of the Merger Regulation in relation to horizontal and flanking policies 232 (1) The appraisal of concentrations 233 (1) Dominance 234 (1) A significant impediment of competition 235 (5) Exceptions: legitimate public interests in Article 21(4) of the Merger Regulation 240 (2) Conclusions 242 (5) Harmonisation of Horizontal and Flanking Policies Introduction 247 (2) No `real' harmonisation of national legislation 249 (4) Harmonisation techniques 253 (7) Total harmonisation 253 (1) Minimum harmonisation 254 (5) The `New Approach' 259 (1) Harmonisation within the framework of the internal market 260 (37) Introduction 260 (1) Legal bases for harmonisation within the context of the Internal Market 261 (1) Article 95 EC 262 (1) Articles 47(2), 55 and 57 EC 262 (3) Article 308 EC 265 (2) Snus, Cigarettes and commercials: the potential and limits of harmonisation on the basis of internal market provisions 267 (7) Harmonisation of national horizontal and flanking policies on the basis of internal market legal bases 274 (1) Environmental policy and the internal market 274 (4) Consumer policy and the internal market 278 (6) Public health and the internal market 284 (1) Public health stricto sensu 285 (3) Health care 288 (2) Cultural policy and the internal market 290 (6) Conclusions 296 (1) Harmonisation beyond the internal market: specific legal bases 297 (14) Environmental policy as horizontal and flanking policy 298 (1) The legal basis for environmental policy 298 (1) An example of a harmonisation measure: the Transfer of Waste Regulation 299 (2) Consumer policy as horizontal and flanking policy 301 (1) The legal basis for consumer policy 301 (2) Measures adopted on the basis of Article 153 EC 303 (2) Public health policy as horizontal and flanking policy 305 (1) The legal basis for public health policy 305 (1) Measures adopted on the basis of Article 152 EC 306 (2) Cultural policy 308 (1) The legal basis for cultural policy 308 (1) Measures adopted on the basis of Article 151 EC 309 (2) Conclusions 311 (1) Harmonisation and free movement 311 (8) Towards a Synthesis Introduction 319 (1) Free movement 319 (6) Negative integration 320 (1) Prohibitive rules 320 (1) Exceptions 321 (1) Positive integration 322 (1) Harmonisation contributes to solving the problem of tension 322 (1) Minimum harmonisation 323 (1) Total harmonisation 324 (1) A wide margin of discretion of the community legislature to pursue horizontal and flanking policy interests 324 (1) Competition and the Member States 325 (3) Articles 86 and 87 EC 325 (1) The prohibitive rules 325 (1) Exceptions 326 (1) Community measures: no positive integration 327 (1) Competition and undertakings 328 (3) Articles 81, 82 EC and Merger Control 328 (1) The prohibitive rules 328 (1) Exceptions 329 (2) Community measures: no positive integration 331 (1) Coherence or convergence? …"

Globalization for development : meeting new challenges / حسب Goldin, Ian

Introduction to information systems حسب O'Brien, James A., 1936-

The curriculum : theory and practice / حسب Kelly, A. V. (Albert Victor)

جدول المحتويات: "…23 (9) A study in its own right 23 (1) Practice as well as theory 24 (1) Not an applied science 25 (2) Beyond methodology 27 (1) Conceptual analysis 28 (4) Knowledge and the Curriculum 32 (24) The problematic nature of human knowledge 33 (10) Absolutist theories 33 (2) Objections to absolutism 35 (8) The politics of knowledge 43 (9) Totalitarianism - open and concealed 43 (2) Resistance to change 45 (1) Ideological dominance 46 (1) The legitimation of discourse 47 (2) The manipulation of language 49 (1) The use of metaphor 50 (2) Responses to the problem of the politics of knowledge 52 (4) Curriculum as Content and Product 56 (33) Curriculum as content and education as transmission 56 (11) The philosophical case 57 (1) Education as cultural transmission 58 (5) The political selection of curriculum content 63 (4) Curriculum as product and education as instrumental 67 (16) The aims and objectives movement 67 (4) Some problems presented by this model 71 (12) The combined model - `mastery learning' 83 (3) The unsuitability of these models for planning which is to be genuinely educational 86 (1) Summary 87 (2) Curriculum as Process and Development 89 (29) An overtly value-laden and ideological model 90 (1) The growth of this view 91 (2) Early conceptual inadequacies 92 (1) A sound theoretical base 92 (1) Curriculum as process - aims and principles 93 (5) Procedural principles 94 (1) Principles and aims 95 (2) Intrinsic aims 97 (1) Education as development 98 (5) Active and passive views of humanity 98 (1) Individual autonomy 99 (1) Education as individual experience 100 (1) The growth of competence 101 (1) Development on every front 102 (1) The social dimension of development - democratic empowerment 103 (3) Democratic imperatives 104 (1) A partnership curriculum 105 (1) Some criticisms of the developmental model 106 (6) Political objections 106 (1) Philosophical objections 107 (4) The contribution of developmental psychology 111 (1) The major merits of this model 112 (1) Curriculum ideologies and planning models - implications and conclusions 113 (5) The need for conceptual clarity 114 (1) The need for informed choices and justification 115 (3) Curriculum Development, Change and Control 118 (29) National agencies for curriculum development - the work of the Schools Council 119 (6) A politically independent professional agency 120 (1) Lessons from the School Council's work 121 (3) Reconstitution and disestablishment 124 (1) The dissemination of innovation and change 125 (9) Models of dissemination 126 (2) The inadequacies of the centre-periphery approach 128 (3) Some consequent modifications 131 (3) School-based curriculum development 134 (4) Key features of these developments 135 (3) Action research and `the teacher as researcher' 138 (4) Continuous self-evaluation 139 (1) External support 140 (1) The teacher's role continues to be central 141 (1) Changing the curriculum through centralized control 142 (5) Testing and inspection 143 (4) Assessment, Evaluation, Appraisal and Accountability 147 (40) Pupil assessment 147 (12) Assessment and the curriculum 148 (2) Uses of assessment 150 (1) Purposes of assessment 150 (1) The realities of National Curriculum assessment 151 (1) Styles of assessment 152 (7) Evaluation theory 159 (11) What is curriculum evaluation? …"

Leading and Managing in the Social Sector : Strategies for Advancing Human Dignity and Social Justice /

Proactive purchasing in the supply chain : the key to world-class procurement / حسب Burt, David N.

جدول المحتويات: "…Edwards Deming Philip Crosby Masaaki Imai Genechi Taguchi Joseph Juran Management Approaches Total Quality Management Continuous Improvement Six Sigma DMAIC Cycle Quality Management System Tools and Methodologies Terminology and Usage Implications for Supply Management Common Tools Costs of Quality Loss to Society Process Capability Analysis Statistical Process Control Quality Movement Support Organizations Standards Awards Supply Management Issues Requirements Development Supplier Quality Analysis Inspection Dependence Defect Detection System Supplier Development Certification Summary Endnotes Suggested Reading Chapter 8 Purchasing Equipment The Nuances of Capital Equipment Procurement Nonrecurring Purchases Nature and Size of Expenditure Building the Foundation Identify the Need for a Procurement Project Management Selection of an Equipment Sourcing Team Build and Train the Team Identify Objectives and Estimate Costs Identifying Objectives Used Equipment Spares Estimating Acquisition Costs and the Total Cost of Ownership (TCO) Develop Specifications and Initiate Sourcing, Pricing, and TCO Analysis. …"

International law and the use of force : cases and materials حسب O'Connell, Mary Ellen

جدول المحتويات: "…408 (5) Marco Gestri Security Council Backs Nigerian-Led Force in Liberia 413 (3) Legality of Use of Force 416 (13) Notes, Questions, and Problems 429 (4) The Basic Law and Institutions on Application of Force 433 (77) Post-War Developments 435 (5) Geneva 436 (1) Frits Kalshoven The chaotic Status of the Laws of War and the Urgent Necessity for Their Revision 437 (3) Josef Kunz The Conventions 440 (59) The 1949 Geneva Conventions 440 (1) Geneva Convention Relative to the Treatment of Prisoners of War of August 12, 1949 441 (5) Geneva Convention Relative to the Protection of Civilian Persons in Time of War of August 12, 1949 446 (5) The 1954 Hague Convention 451 (1) 1954 Convention for the Protection of Cultural Property in the Event of an Armed Conflict 451 (1) The 1977 Additional Protocols 452 (1) 1977 Geneva Protcol I Additional to the Geneva Conventions of 12 August 1949, and Relating to the Protection of Victims of International Armed Conflicts 453 (9) Protocol Additional to the Geneva Conventions of 12 August 1949,, and Relating to the Protection of Victims of Non-International Armed Conflicts (Protocol II) 462 (3) Letter of Transmittal form Ronald Reagan, President of the United States of America to the United States Senate 465 (2) An Appeal for Ratification by the United States 467 (6) Hans-Peter Gasser The 1998 Rome Statute of the International Criminal Court 473 (1) The Evolution of the ICC: From the Hague to Rome and Back Again 474 (5) Leila Nadya Sadat 1998 Rome Statute of the International Court 479 (5) International Criminal Court (``ICC'') 484 (2) Knut Dormann Louis Maresca Customary IHL 486 (1) Study on Customary International Law: A Contribution to the Understanding and Respect for the Rule of Law in Armed Conflict 486 (13) Jean-Marie Henckaerts The International Commitee of the Red Cross 499 (4) Constraints on the Waging of War 501 (2) Fritz Kalshoven Statutes of the International Red Cross and Red Crescent Movements 503 (1) Notes, Questions, and Problems 503 (7) Civilians 510 (85) Civilian Status and Protections in Hostilities 511 (43) Prosecutor v. …"