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The state of food and agriculture 2002

Sommario: “...Foreword v Glossary xvii Explanatory note xx PART I World review Current Agricultural Situation - Facts and Figures 3 (35) Trends in undernourishment 3 (3) Crop and livestock production 6 (5) Food shortages and emergencies 11 (3) World cereal supply situation 14 (3) External assistance to agriculture 17 (3) Food aid flows 20 (3) Commodity price trends 23 (6) Fisheries: production, disposition and trade 29 (4) Production and trade of forest products 33 (5) The Global Economy and Agriculture 38 (13) World economic environment 38 (13) World trade and commodity prices 39 (3) Implications of the Fourth World Trade Organization Ministerial Conference for agriculture 42 (6) Notes 48 (3) PART II Regional review Africa 51 (21) Regional overview 51 (6) General economic performance 51 (3) Agricultural performance 54 (3) Women farmers' productivity in sub-Saharan Africa 57 (8) Introduction 57 (1) The role and importance of women farmers 57 (5) Gender differentials in agricultural productivity and constraints facing women farmers 62 (2) Conclusion and policy implications 64 (1) Tsetse and trypanosomiasis control 65 (7) Introduction 65 (1) The direct impact of trypanosomiasis 65 (1) The indirect impacts of the disease 66 (2) Cost-benefit ratios for tsetse control 68 (1) Conclusion 69 (3) Asia and the Pacific 72 (24) Regional overview 72 (5) General economic performance 72 (1) Agricultural performance 73 (4) China's accession to the World Trade Organization and implications for Chinese agricultural policies 77 (19) The changing role of agriculture in the Chinese economy 78 (2) Agricultural policy in the reform period 80 (4) China's WTO accession commitments and provisions related to agriculture 84 (3) Recent policy shifts and likely changes as a result of accession to the WTO 87 (8) Conclusions 95 (1) Latin America and the Caribbean 96 (26) Regional overview 96 (5) General economic performance 96 (1) Recent agricultural performance 97 (4) Changing patterns in agricultural trade 101 (21) Growing importance of agricultural trade relative to production 101 (2) Declining role of agriculture in total merchandise trade 103 (1) Stable regional share in world agricultural trade 104 (1) Diversified product composition of agricultural trade 104 (6) Geographic diversification of markets 110 (1) Agricultural trade balances and their economic significance 111 (6) The price factor 117 (2) Conclusions 119 (3) Near East and North Africa 122 (19) Regional overview 122 (7) General economic performance 122 (1) Agricultural performance 123 (6) Climate variability, aridity and vulnerability to drought 129 (12) Drought -- a structurally recurrent phenomenon in the region 130 (3) Water and land resource issues 133 (1) Impact of recent droughts on crop and livestock production 134 (1) Impact on population livelihood, household income and rural poverty 134 (2) Impact on the environment 136 (1) Government measures for drought prevention and relief of affected groups 137 (2) From reactive crisis management to proactive risk management in agriculture 139 (2) Central and Eastern Europe and the Commonwealth of Independent States 141 (14) Regional overview 141 (3) Macroeconomic trends and agricultural performance 141 (3) Land and farms in Central and Eastern Europe and the CIS in the period of central planning 144 (1) Land and farm reform in Central and Eastern European and CIS countries 145 (10) The establishment of clear and secure rights of land tenure 147 (3) The creation of farms with an efficient ownership and management structure 150 (1) The formation of a class of mid-sized commercial farms 151 (2) Conclusions 153 (2) Developed Market Economies 155 (20) Overview 155 (20) General economic performance 155 (1) Agricultural performance 155 (5) Agricultural policy changes 160 (4) Notes 164 (11) PART III Agriculture and global public goods ten years after the Earth Summit The Role of Agriculture and Land in the Provision of Global Public Goods 175 (14) Introduction 175 (1) Economic concept of local and global public goods 176 (1) Public goods associated with the land-cluster chapters of Agenda 21 177 (1) Progress in the provision of global public goods since Rio-92 178 (4) Financing global public goods 182 (2) The need to increase international financial cooperation for promoting global public goods 184 (4) Conclusions 188 (1) Harvesting Carbon Sequestration Through Land-Use Change: A Way Out of Rural Poverty? ...”

Economics : private & public choice / di Gwartney, James D.

Sommario: “...708 (11) Regulation of Business 709 (1) The Political Economy of Regulation 710 (2) Applications in Economics Limousines and Restraints on Entry 712 (1) The Costs of Regulation 713 (1) Applications in Economics Superfund: a Highly Inefficient Cleanup Program 714 (3) Future Directions for Regulatory Policy 717 (1) Key Points 718 (1) Critical Analysis Questions 718 (1) Resource Management: How Property Rights and Markets Replace Conflict with Cooperation 719 (10) Property Rights: The Key to Environmental Quality 720 (4) Applications in Economics Looking Ahead at the Flying D Ranch 724 (1) How Property Rights Affect Environmental Quality and Life Expectancy 724 (1) Markets, Economizing, and Resource Conservation 724 (2) Applications in Economics Managing Forests for Nature, Too 726 (2) Key Points 728 (1) Critical Analysis Questions 728 (1) Difficult Environmental Cases and the Role of Government 729 (10) Government Regulation and the Environment 730 (1) Climate Change and the Uncertainty Problem 730 (2) Market-like Schemes: Reducing the Cost of Specific Regulations 732 (1) Applications in Economics Fighting the Risks of Global Warming: Mitigation or Adaptation? ...”