检索结果 - integration test

Integrated advertising, promotion, and marketing communications 由 Clow, Kenneth E.

书本目录: “...Preface xix PART 1 THE IMC FOUNDATION 1 (116) Integrated Marketing Communications 2 (22) Ron Jon Surf Shop: IMC and Brand Building Go to the Beach 2 (2) Overview 4 (2) Communication and IMC Programs 6 (2) Integrated Marketing Communications 8 (1) An Integrated Marketing Communications Plan 9 (1) IMC Components and the Design of this Book 10 (1) The IMC Foundation 10 (3) Advertising Tools 11 (1) IMC Media Tools 11 (1) Promotional Tools 11 (1) Integration Tools 12 (1) Refining the IMC Program 12 (1) The Value of IMC Plans 13 (4) Information Technology 13 (1) Changes in Channel Power 14 (1) Increases in Competition 15 (1) Brand Parity 16 (1) Integration of Information 16 (1) Decline in the Effectiveness of Television Advertising 17 (1) International Implications 17 (7) Corporate Image and Brand Management 24 (32) Gucci: One Strong Brand Works with Others 24 (1) Overview 25 (1) Corporate Image 26 (4) Components of a Corporate Image 26 (1) The Role of a Corporate Image---Consumer Perspective 27 (1) The Role of a Corporate Image--- Business-to-Business Perspective 28 (1) The Role of a Corporate Image---Company Perspective 29 (1) Promoting the Desired Image 30 (2) Creating the Right Image 30 (1) Rejuvenating an Image 31 (1) Changing an Image 31 (1) Corporate Name 32 (1) Corporate Logos 33 (1) Branding 34 (1) Developing a Strong Brand Name 34 (1) Brand Equity 35 (3) Steps to Building Brand Equity 36 (1) Measuring Brand Equity 37 (1) Brand Extensions and Flanker Brands 38 (2) Co-Branding 40 (1) Private Brands 41 (2) Packaging 43 (2) New Trends in Packaging 44 (1) Labels 45 (1) Positioning 45 (3) Other Elements of Positioning 47 (1) Ethical Issues in Brand Management 48 (1) International Implications 49 (7) Buyer Behaviors 56 (32) Apple's iPhone: Dialing Up New Customers 56 (2) Overview 58 (1) Consumer Purchasing Process 58 (1) Information Search 59 (7) Internal Search 59 (1) External Search 59 (2) Consumer Attitudes 61 (2) Consumer Values 63 (1) Cognitive Mapping 64 (2) Evaluation of Alternatives 66 (3) The Evoked Set Method 66 (1) The Multiattribute Approach 67 (1) Affect Referral 68 (1) Trends in the Consumer Buying Environment 69 (3) Age Complexity 69 (1) Gender Complexity 69 (1) Individualism 69 (1) Active, Busy Lifestyles 70 (1) Cocooning 70 (1) Changes in Family Units 71 (1) Pleasure Pursuits 71 (1) Health Emphasis 71 (1) Business-to-Business Buyer Behavior 72 (1) Factors Affecting Members of Business Buying Centers 73 (2) Organizational Influences 73 (1) Individual Factors 73 (2) Types of Business-to-Business Sales 75 (1) The Business-to-Business Buying Process 76 (2) Identification of Needs 76 (1) Establishment of Specifications 77 (1) Identification of Vendors 77 (1) Vendor Evaluation 77 (1) Vendor Selection 78 (1) Negotiation of Terms 78 (1) Postpurchase Evaluation 78 (1) Dual Channel Marketing 78 (2) International Implications 80 (8) Promotions Opportunity Analysis 88 (29) PETsMART: It's a Dog's Life (which ain't half bad) 88 (2) Overview 90 (1) Promotions Opportunity Analysis 90 (1) Communication Market Analysis 91 (26) Competitors 91 (1) Opportunities 91 (1) Target Markets 92 (1) Customers 92 (1) Product Positioning 93 (1) Establishing Marketing Communications Objectives 93 (1) Establishing a Communications Budget 94 (2) Types of Budgets 96 (1) The Percentage of Sales Method 96 (1) The Meet-the-Competition Method 97 (1) The ``What We Can Afford'' Method 97 (1) The Objective and Task Method 97 (1) Payout Planning 97 (1) Quantitative Models 98 (1) Budgeting Expenditures 98 (1) Preparing Promotional Strategies 99 (1) Matching Tactics with Strategies 100 (1) Market Segmentation 101 (1) Market Segmentation by Consumer Groups 101 (1) Segments Based on Demographics 102 (2) Psychographics 104 (1) Segments Based on Generations 105 (1) Segmentation by Geographic Area 106 (1) Geodemographic Segmentation 106 (1) Benefit Segmentation 107 (1) Usage Segmentation 107 (1) Business-to-Business Segmentation 108 (1) Segmentation by Industry 108 (1) Segmentation by Size 109 (1) Segmentation by Geographic Location 109 (1) Segmentation by Product Usage 109 (1) Segmentation by Customer Value 110 (1) International Implications 110 (7) PART 2 IMC ADVERTISING TOOLS 117 (90) Advertising Management 118 (1) The Anatomy of a Perfect Pushup 118 (1) Overview 119 (2) Overview of Advertising Management 121 (1) Advertising and the IMC Process 121 (1) Choosing an Advertising Agency 122 (1) Decision Variables 123 (1) External Advertising Agencies 124 (1) Choosing an Agency 125 (1) Goal Setting 125 (1) Selection Criteria 125 (2) Reference Requests 127 (1) Creative Pitch 127 (1) Agency Selection 128 (1) Advertising Planning and Research 129 (1) The Roles of Advertising Account Executives 130 (1) The Roles of Creatives 130 (1) Advertising Campaign Management 131 (1) Communication Market Analysis 131 (1) Advertising Goals 132 (1) Building Brand Image 132 (1) Providing Information 133 (1) Persuasion 133 (1) Supporting Marketing Efforts 133 (1) Encouraging Action 134 (1) The Advertising Budget 134 (1) Media Selection 135 (1) The Creative Brief 135 (1) The Objective 135 (1) The Target Audience 136 (1) The Message Theme 137 (1) The Support 137 (1) The Constraints 137 (1) International Implications 138 (8) Advertising Design: Theoretical Frameworks and Types of Appeals 146 (30) Ecko Enterprises: Dressing the Hip Hop World and Beyond 146 (2) Overview 148 (1) The Creative Brief 148 (1) Advertising Theory 149 (4) Hierarchy of Effects 149 (1) Means-End Theory 150 (1) Leverage Points 151 (1) Verbal and Visual Images 152 (1) Types of Advertising Appeals 153 (14) Fear 154 (1) Humor 155 (2) Sex 157 (5) Musical Appeals 162 (2) Rational Appeals 164 (1) Emotional Appeals 165 (2) Scarcity Appeals 167 (1) The Structure of an Advertisement 167 (2) International Implications 169 (7) Advertising Design: Message Strategies and Executional Frameworks 176 (31) Dove's Social and Fashion Advertising 176 (1) Overview 177 (1) Message Strategies 178 (5) Cognitive Strategies 178 (3) Affective Strategies 181 (1) Conative Strategies 182 (1) Executional Frameworks 183 (5) Animation 183 (1) Slice-of-Life 184 (1) Dramatization 185 (1) Testimonials 185 (1) Authoritative 186 (1) Demonstration 186 (1) Fantasy 187 (1) Informative 188 (1) Sources and Spokespersons 188 (6) Source Characteristics 190 (2) Matching Source Types and Characteristics 192 (2) Creating an Advertisement 194 (1) Advertising Effectiveness 195 (3) Beating Ad Clutter 197 (1) International Implications 198 (9) PART 3 IMC MEDIA TOOLS 207 (88) Traditional Media Channels 208 (34) M&M's: The Sweet Task of Media Selection 208 (2) Overview 210 (1) Media Strategy 210 (1) Media Planning 211 (2) Media Planners 212 (1) Media Buyers 213 (1) Advertising Objectives 213 (3) Achieving Advertising Objectives 216 (3) Recency Theory 217 (2) Media Selection 219 (11) Television 219 (3) Radio 222 (2) Outdoor Advertising 224 (2) Magazines 226 (2) Newspapers 228 (2) Media Mix 230 (1) Media Selection in Business-to-Business Markets 231 (2) International Implications 233 (9) E-active Marketing 242 (28) How Google Has Changed Our Language 242 (1) Overview 243 (1) E-Commerce 244 (2) E-Commerce Components 245 (1) E-Commerce Incentives 246 (3) Financial Incentives 246 (1) Convenience Incentives 247 (1) Value-Added Incentives 248 (1) Consumer Concerns with E-Commerce 249 (2) Seller Opportunism 249 (1) Security Issues 249 (1) Privacy Issues 250 (1) Purchasing Habits 250 (1) Biusiness-to-Business E-Commerce 251 (1) Interactive Marketing 251 (2) Online Advertising 253 (1) Forms of Online Advertising 253 (1) The Impact of Online Advertising 253 (1) Brand Spiraling 253 (1) Blogs 254 (1) Reactions to Negative Comments 254 (1) Company-Sponsored Blogging 255 (1) Online Social Networks 255 (1) Developing a Social Network Presence 256 (1) Consumer-Generated Advertising 256 (1) Consumer-Generated Reviews 257 (1) E-Mail 258 (2) Integration with Other Channels 258 (1) Web Analytics 258 (1) Monitoring Future Actions 259 (1) E-Mail Newsletters 259 (1) Advertising on Other Newsletters 259 (1) Search Engine Optimization 260 (1) Viral Marketing 260 (2) Web Site Design Issues 262 (1) International Implications 262 (8) Shipping Issues 262 (1) Payment Methods 263 (1) Communication Issues 263 (1) Technology Issues 263 (7) Alternative Marketing 270 (25) Red Bull's Buzz 270 (1) Overview 271 (1) Alternative Media Programs 272 (1) Buzz Marketing 272 (2) Consumers Who Like a Brand 273 (1) Sponsored Consumers 273 (1) Company Employees 273 (1) Buzz Marketing Stages 274 (1) Buzz Marketing Preconditions 274 (1) Guerilla Marketing 274 (2) Product Placements and Branded Entertainment 276 (2) Product Placements 276 (1) Branded Entertainment 276 (1) Achieving Success with Individual Consumers 277 (1) Company Tactics 277 (1) The Media's Perspective 278 (1) Lifestyle Marketing 278 (1) Alternative Media Venues 279 (3) Video Game Advertising 279 (1) Benefits of Video Game Advertising 280 (1) Disadvantages of Video Game Advertising 280 (1) Cinema Advertising 280 (1) In-Tunnel Subway Advertising 280 (1) Parking Lot Advertising 281 (1) Escalator Advertising 281 (1) Airline In-Flight Advertising 281 (1) Leaflets and Brochures 281 (1) Carry-Home Menus 281 (1) Carry-Home Bag Advertising 282 (1) Advertising on Clothing 282 (1) Mall Signs 282 (1) Kiosks 282 (1) In-Store Marketing 282 (2) New In-Store Marketing Tactics 283 (1) Point-of-Purchase Tactics 284 (2) Designing Effective POP 284 (1) Measuring POP Effectiveness 285 (1) Combination Approaches 286 (1) Brand Communities 286 (2) International Implications 288 (7) PART 4 IMC PROMOTIONAL TOOLS 295 (86) Database and Direct Response Marketing 296 (28) Levi Strauss & Co.: Using Quality Information to Build Relationships 296 (2) Overview 298 (1) Database Marketing 298 (1) Building a Data Warehouse 299 (2) E-Mail and Internet Data 300 (1) Purchase and Communication Histories 300 (1) Personal Preference Profiles 300 (1) Customer Information Companies 301 (1) Geocoding 301 (1) Database Coding and Analysis 301 (2) Lifetime Value Analysis 301 (1) RFM Analysis 302 (1) Data Mining 303 (1) Database-Driven Marketing Communications 304 (3) Identification Codes 305 (1) Customer Profile Information 305 (1) In-Bound Telemarketing 305 (1) Trawling 306 (1) Lifetime Value Segments 306 (1) Database-Driven Marketing Programs 307 (5) Permission Marketing 307 (2) Frequency Programs 309 (2) Customer Relationship Management 311 (1) Direct Response Marketing 312 (1) Direct Mail 313 (1) Types of Lists 313 (1) Advantages of Direct Mail 314 (1) Disadvantages of Direct Mail 314 (1) Catalogs 314 (1) Direct Response Media 315 (1) Internet 315 (1) Alternative Media 315 (1) Telemarketing 316 (1) International Implications 316 (8) Sales Promotions 324 (30) Sales Promotions and More Hook Fans 324 (2) Overview 326 (1) Consumer Promotions 326 (1) Coupons 327 (3) Coupon Distribution 328 (1) Types of Coupons 328 (1) Problems with Coupons 329 (1) Premiums 330 (1) Types of Premiums 330 (1) Keys to Successful Premium Programs 331 (1) Contests and Sweepstakes 331 (2) Contests 332 (1) Sweepstakes 332 (1) Components of Prizes 332 (1) Goals of Contests and Sweepstakes 333 (1) Refunds and Rebates 333 (1) Sampling 334 (2) Types of Samples 335 (1) Benefits of Sampling 335 (1) Problems with Sampling 335 (1) Successful Sampling Programs 336 (1) Bonus Packs 336 (1) Types of Bonus Packs 336 (1) Benefits of Bonus Packs 336 (1) Problems with Bonus Packs 337 (1) Price-Offs 337 (1) Benefits of Price-Offs 337 (1) Problems with Price-Offs 338 (1) Overlays and Tie-Ins 338 (1) Planning for Consumer Promotions 338 (2) Trade Promotions 340 (7) Trade Allowances 340 (2) Trade Contests 342 (1) Trade Incentives 343 (2) Trade Shows 345 (2) Concerns with Trade Promotions 347 (1) International Implications 348 (6) Public Relations and Sponsorship Programs 354 (27) Everyone's Wild About Harry 354 (1) Overview 355 (1) Public Relations 356 (1) Internal Versus External Public Relations 356 (1) Public Relations Tools 356 (1) Public Relations Functions 357 (1) Identifying Stakeholders 357 (2) Internal Stakeholders 358 (1) External Stakeholders 358 (1) Assessing Corporate Reputation 359 (1) Auditing Corporate Social Responsibility 360 (1) Creating Positive Image-Building Activities 360 (4) Cause-Related Marketing 361 (2) Green Marketing and Pro-Environmental Activities 363 (1) Preventing or Reducing Image Damage 364 (4) Proactive Prevention Strategies 365 (1) Reactive Damage-Control Strategies 365 (3) Sponsorships 368 (2) Forms of Sponsorships 368 (1) Choosing Sponsorships 369 (1) Sponsorship Objectives 370 (1) Event Marketing 370 (3) Determining Objectives 371 (1) Matching the Event to Publics 371 (1) Promoting the Event 371 (1) Advertising at the Event 371 (1) Tracking Results 372 (1) Cross-Promotions 372 (1) International Implications 373 (8) PART 5 IMC ETHICS, REGULATION, AND EVALUATION 381 (57) Regulations and Ethical Concerns 382 (26) A Salty Situation 382 (1) Overview 383 (1) Marketing Communications Regulations 384 (6) Governmental Regulatory Agencies 384 (1) The Federal Trade Commission 385 (1) Unfair and Deceptive Marketing Practices 385 (1) Deception Versus Puffery 385 (1) Substantiation of Marketing Claims 386 (1) How Investigations Begin 387 (1) Consent Orders 388 (1) Administrative Complaints 388 (1) Courts and Legal Channels 388 (1) Corrective Advertising 389 (1) Trade Regulation Rulings 389 (1) Industry Oversight of Marketing Practices 390 (2) Council of Better Business Bureaus 390 (1) National Advertising Division 390 (1) National Advertising Review Board 391 (1) Children's Advertising Review Unit 391 (1) Ethics and Social Responsibility 392 (3) Ethics and Advertising 393 (1) Perpetuating Stereotypes 393 (1) Advertising Unsafe Products 394 (1) Offensive Advertisements 394 (1) Advertising to Children 395 (1) Marketing and Ethics 395 (2) Brand Infringement 395 (1) Medical Marketing and Advertising 396 (1) Gifts and Bribery in Business-to-Business Marketing Programs 396 (1) Internet Marketing: Spamming and Cookies 397 (1) Responding to Ethical Challenges 397 (2) Ethical Frameworks 398 (1) Social Responsibility 399 (1) Social Responsibility Perspectives 399 (1) Ethics Programs 400 (1) Ethics Training Programs 400 (1) Codes of Ethics 400 (1) Ethics Consulting Systems 401 (1) International Implications 401 (7) Evaluating an Integrated Marketing Program 408 (30) Pretesting for Effectiveness: The New High-Tech World of Advertising Design 408 (1) Overview 409 (1) Matching Methods with IMC Objectives 410 (1) Message Evaluations 411 (10) Concept Testing 412 (1) Copytesting 413 (1) Recall Tests 414 (2) Recognition Tests 416 (1) Attitude and Opinion Tests 417 (1) Emotional Reaction Tests 418 (1) Physiological Arousal Tests 419 (1) Persuasion Analysis 420 (1) Evaluation Criteria 421 (2) Behavioral Evaluations 423 (5) Sales and Response Rates 423 (2) Online Metrics 425 (1) Test Markets 426 (2) Purchase Simulation Tests 428 (1) Evaluating Public Relations Activities 428 (2) Evaluating the Overall IMC Program 430 (1) International Implications 431 (7) Name/Organization Index 438 (8) Subject Index 446...”

Criminology today : an integrative introduction / 由 Schmalleger, Frank

书本目录: “...Crime and Justice Policy Challenges of the Near Future 503 (1) Future Crimes 504 (1) The New Criminologies 505 (2) Theory Integration 506 (1) Policies of the Future 507 (3) Summary 510 (1) Discussion Questions 510 (1) Web Quest! ...”

Classroom assessment : principles and practice for effective standards-based instruction 由 McMillan, James H.

Library automation : core concepts and practical systems analysis / 由 Bilal, Dania

书本目录: “...Integrated library system (ILS) defined -- Library automation life cycle (LALC). ...”

Managing change : a strategic approach to organisational dynamics 由 Bernard Burnes

书本目录: “...Acknowledgements xi Introduction 1 (10) Part One The rise and fall of the rational organisation From trial and error to the science of management 11 (42) The rise of organisation theory 11 (42) Learning objectives 11 (1) Introduction 12 (2) The rise of commerce and the birth of the factory 14 (19) Organisation theory: the Classical approach 33 (14) Conclusions 47 (4) Test your learning 51 (1) Suggested further reading 52 (1) Developments in organisation theory 53 (30) From certainty to contingency 53 (30) Learning objectives 53 (1) Introduction 54 (1) The Human Relations approach 55 (15) The Contingency Theory approach 70 (10) Conclusions 80 (2) Test your learning 82 (1) Suggested further reading 82 (1) In search of new paradigms 83 (58) Learning objectives 83 (1) Introduction 84 (4) The Culture--Excellence approach 88 (27) The Japanese approach to management 115 (11) Organisational learning 126 (9) Conclusions 135 (4) Test your learning 139 (1) Suggested further reading 140 (1) Critical perspectives on organisation theory 141 (25) Postmodernism, realism and complexity 141 (25) Learning objectives 141 (1) Introduction 142 (2) The postmodern perspective 144 (10) The realist perspective 154 (3) The complexity perspective 157 (6) Conclusions 163 (1) Test your learning 164 (1) Suggested further reading 165 (1) Culture, power, politics and choice 166 (37) Learning objectives 166 (1) Introduction 167 (2) The cultural perspective 169 (14) The power--politics perspective 183 (10) Managing and changing organisations: bringing back choice 193 (4) Conclusions 197 (2) Test your learning 199 (1) Suggested further reading 199 (4) Part Two Strategy development and change management: past, present and future Approaches to strategy 203 (29) Managerial choice and constraints 203 (29) Learning objectives 203 (2) Introduction 205 (2) Understanding strategy: origins, definitions and approaches 207 (13) Understanding strategy: choices and constraints 220 (8) Conclusions 228 (2) Test your learning 230 (1) Suggested further reading 231 (1) Applying strategy 232 (27) Models, levels and tools 232 (27) Learning objectives 232 (1) Introduction 233 (1) Types of strategies 234 (4) Levels of strategy 238 (8) Strategic planning tools 246 (10) Conclusions 256 (1) Test your learning 257 (1) Suggested further reading 258 (1) Approaches to change management 259 (28) Learning objectives 259 (1) Introduction 260 (1) Theoretical foundations 261 (6) The Planned approach to organisational change 267 (14) The frequency and magnitude of organisational change 281 (3) Conclusions 284 (1) Test your learning 285 (1) Suggested further reading 286 (1) Developments in change management 287 (31) The Emergent approach and beyond 287 (31) Learning objectives 287 (1) Introduction 288 (1) The case against the Planned approach to organisational change 289 (2) The Emergent approach to change 291 (21) Emergent change: summary and criticisms 312 (4) Conclusions 316 (1) Test your learning 317 (1) Suggested further reading 317 (1) A framework for change 318 (17) Approaches and choices 318 (17) Learning objectives 318 (2) Introduction 320 (1) Varieties of change 321 (4) A framework for change 325 (3) A framework for choice 328 (1) Conclusions 329 (3) Test your learning 332 (1) Suggested further reading 332 (3) Part Three Case studies in strategy development and change management Case studies in strategic change 335 (30) Learning objectives 335 (1) Introduction 335 (2) Case Study 1: The Internet and the P2P Revolution in the music industry 337 (6) Case Study 2: The rise and fall of Marconi 343 (4) Case Study 3: Oticon - the disorganised organisation 347 (8) Case Study 4: Privatisation and the European Union: the case of the Public Power Corporation of Greece 355 (7) Conclusions 362 (2) Test your learning 364 (1) Case studies in changing internal relationships and attitudes 365 (33) Learning objectives 365 (1) Introduction 365 (3) Case Study 5: Volvo's approach to Job Design 368 (9) Case Study 6: XYZ Construction 377 (6) Case Study 7: GK Printers Limited - changing systems and attitudes 383 (13) Conclusions 396 (1) Test your learning 397 (1) Case studies in changing external relationships 398 (29) Learning objectives 398 (1) Introduction 398 (3) Case Study 8: Rover-TRW - operational integration 401 (6) Case Study 9: Speedy Stationers Ltd and UTL (Turbines) Ltd - supplier-driven change 407 (7) Case Study 10: PoliceCo - outsourcing in the public sector 414 (6) Conclusions 420 (3) Test your learning 423 (4) Part Four Managing choice Managing change 427 (25) Lessons from theory and practice 427 (25) Learning objectives 427 (1) Introduction 427 (2) Lessons from theory and practice 429 (15) Employee involvement and organisational transformation 444 (3) Conclusions: merging theory and practice 447 (3) Test your learning 450 (2) Organisational change and managerial choice 452 (34) Learning objectives 452 (1) Introduction 452 (3) The Choice Management-Change Management model 455 (29) Conclusions 484 (1) Test your learning 485 (1) Management - roles and responsibilities 486 (51) Learning objectives 486 (1) Introduction 487 (2) Globalisation and the challenge of change 489 (9) The manager's role 498 (5) Management and leadership 503 (11) Management and leadership in action 514 (5) Managerial development 519 (8) Management, leadership and change 527 (3) Summary and conclusions 530 (4) Test your learning 534 (1) Suggested further reading 535 (2) Bibliography 537 (58) Glossary 595 (12) Index 607...”

Fixing Health Systems

书本目录: “...The Idea; A history of hope and struggle; Bold new initiatives; TEHIP's piece of the puzzle; Testing a potent idea; Complexity anchored by fundamental questions; The need for an integrated approach; Efficiency leads to equity; Chapter 2. ...”

Econometrics : theoretical foundations and empirical perspectives 由 Nachane, Dilip M.

书本目录: “...Foundations of probability and related statistical concepts Introduction Mathematical preliminaries Axiomatic approach to probability Elements of measure theory and lebesgue integration Random variables and distribution functions Moments, generating functions and cumulants Classical inference Asymptotic theory Estimation theory Hypothesis testing theory Linear regression models Single equation models General linear model relaxation of assumptions (part I) General linear model relaxation of assumptions (part II) Simultaneous equation models Time series models (including VARs and spectral analysis) Time series analysis (Box-Jenkins methods) Univariate spectral analysis Time series analysis : further topics Multivariate time series modelling Dynamic econometric methods (including causality, exogeneity, unit roots, and cointegration) Forecasting theory and methods Causality and exogeneity Unit roots and fractional differencing Cointegration A methodological epilogue...”

Software engineering : a programming approach / 由 Bell, Douglas

书本目录: “...200 (1) Formal development: a case study 201 (7) The role of formal development 208 (1) Summary 209 (6) Exercises 210 (1) Answers to self test questions 211 (1) Further reading 211 (4) Part D Programming paradigms The programming language 215 (50) Introduction 215 (1) Design principles 216 (2) Language syntax 218 (3) Control abstractions 221 (6) Data types and strong typing 227 (11) Procedural abstraction 238 (5) Abstract data types 243 (6) Programming in the large 249 (7) The role of programming languages 256 (2) Summary 258 (7) Exercises 258 (2) Answers to self test questions 260 (4) Further reading 264 (1) Object-oriented programming (OOP) 265 (21) Introduction 265 (1) Encapsulation 265 (2) Classes 267 (1) Creating objects 268 (1) Constructor methods 269 (1) Destructor methods 270 (1) Class or static methods 270 (1) Inheritance 271 (3) Single versus multiple inheritance 274 (1) Polymorphism 274 (1) Event-driven programming 275 (1) Case study -- a complete Java program 276 (4) The role of OOP 280 (1) Summary 281 (5) Exercises 282 (2) Answers to self test questions 284 (1) Further reading 285 (1) Concurrent programming 286 (35) Introduction 286 (2) Independent threads 288 (3) Dying and killing 291 (1) The state of a thread 292 (1) Scheduling and thread priorities 293 (1) Mutual exclusion 293 (3) Thread interaction 296 (5) The producer--consumer problem 301 (11) Interruptions 312 (1) Deadlock 313 (1) Conclusions 314 (2) Summary 316 (5) Exercises 316 (2) Answers to self test questions 318 (2) Further reading 320 (1) Functional programming 321 (17) Introduction 321 (1) Procedural languages 322 (2) Characteristics of functional programming 324 (7) Other functional languages 331 (2) The role of functional programming 333 (2) Summary 335 (3) Exercises 336 (1) Answers to self test questions 337 (1) Further reading 337 (1) Logic programming 338 (17) Introduction 338 (2) Facts and rules 340 (2) Execution mechanisms 342 (6) Prolog in use 348 (2) Conclusions 350 (1) Summary 351 (4) Exercises 352 (1) Further reading 352 (3) Part E Implementation Software tools 355 (17) Introduction 355 (1) Tools for programming 356 (1) Not programming tools 357 (1) Examples of tools 357 (8) Discussion 365 (1) Application development tools 365 (4) The physical environment 369 (1) Summary 370 (2) Exercises 371 (1) Answers to self test questions 371 (1) Further reading 371 (1) Verification 372 (24) Introduction 372 (1) The nature of errors 373 (1) The problem of testing 374 (1) Black box (functional) testing 375 (2) White box (structural) testing 377 (2) Walkthroughs and inspections 379 (3) Other testing strategies 382 (1) Discussion 383 (2) System (integration) testing 385 (1) Bottom-up testing 386 (1) Top-down development 387 (3) Summary 390 (6) Exercises 391 (2) Answers to self test questions 393 (2) Further reading 395 (1) Softwar fault tolerance and exceptions 396 (22) Introduction 396 (3) Fault detection by software 399 (3) Fault detection by hardware 402 (3) Dealing with damage 405 (2) Exceptions and exception handlers 407 (3) Recovery blocks 410 (3) N-version programming 413 (1) The role of fault tolerance 414 (1) Summary 414 (4) Exercises 415 (2) Answers to self test questions 417 (1) Further reading 417 (1) Software metrics and quality assurance 418 (12) Introduction 418 (1) Complexity metrics 419 (3) Faults and reliability -- estimating bugs 422 (1) Software quality 423 (2) Quality assurance 425 (1) Process improvement 426 (1) The capability maturity model (CMM) 426 (1) Summary 427 (3) Exercises 428 (1) Answers to self test questions 429 (1) Further reading 429 (1) Project management 430 (19) Introduction 430 (1) The challenge of project management 431 (1) The ingredients of project management 431 (1) Cost estimation 432 (2) Team organization 434 (7) Selecting tools and methods 441 (1) Introducing new methods 442 (1) The project plan 442 (1) Peopleware 443 (1) Summary 444 (5) Exercises 444 (1) Further reading 445 (4) Part F Review Review 449 (14) Introduction 449 (1) Assessing and comparing development methods 450 (2) Software tools 452 (1) Software re-usability 452 (1) The current state of methods 452 (1) A single development method? ...”

Juran's quality management and analysis. 由 De Feo, Joseph A.

书本目录: “...The Bottom Line: Quality and Business Performance -- 2. Integrating quality into the enterprise strategic plan -- 3. ...”

Tensions within the internal market : the functioning of the internal market and the development of horizontal and flanking policies / 由 Vries, Sybe Alexander de

书本目录: “...Acknowledgements Introduction The origin of this study: tensions within the internal market 3 (3) The purpose, central question and background of this study 6 (1) Horizontal and flanking policies and the internal market: defining and delimiting the topic 7 (8) Horizontal and flanking policies 8 (4) The internal market 12 (3) The relevant general principles of Community law 15 (9) The principle of proportionality 15 (2) The principle of Community loyalty 17 (1) The integration principle 18 (6) The plan 24 (3) The Application of the Free Movement Rules Introduction 27 (1) The material, personal and territorial scope of the free movement rules 27 (10) The material scope 28 (1) In general 28 (2) Horizontal and flanking activities 30 (3) The personal scope 33 (3) The territorial scope 36 (1) Conclusions 37 (1) The application of the free movement rules: the prohibitions 37 (12) The prohibition: towards market access 38 (1) Indistinctly applicable measures 38 (1) Towards a market access based test 39 (2) Selling arrangements 41 (3) Inherent restrictions 44 (2) Article 29 EC and the exportation of goods 46 (1) Tariff barriers 47 (1) Article 25 EC 47 (1) Article 90 EC 47 (1) Conclusions 48 (1) The application of the free movement rules: the exceptions 49 (50) The scope of the Treaty exceptions 49 (1) Overriding requirements of public interest 50 (1) Conditions for invoking the exceptions 51 (1) No harmonisation measure 52 (1) Non-economic interests 52 (3) Proportionality 55 (2) The protection of horizontal and flanking policy interests 57 (1) The protection of the environment 57 (1) The protection of health and life of humans, animals or plants: Article 30 EC 58 (1) The protection of the environment as overriding requirement of public interest 59 (1) The condition that environmental measures should apply without distinction 59 (3) The proportionality test: the assessment of environmental measures 62 (4) The protection of consumers 66 (1) The protection of health and safety of consumers 66 (1) The protection of consumers as overriding requirement of public interest 66 (2) The condition that consumer protection measures should apply without distinction 68 (2) The proportionality test: the assessment of consumer protection measures 70 (7) The protection of public health 77 (1) The protection of public health as Treaty exception 77 (1) The safeguarding of the financial stability of a health care system as overriding requirement of public interest 78 (1) (No) condition that health measures should apply without distinction 79 (2) The proportionality test: the assessment of public health measures 81 (4) The protection of culture 85 (1) The protection of national treasures possessing artistic, historic or archaeological value: Article 30 EC 85 (3) Culture and public policy: Article 46 EC 88 (1) Culture as overriding requirement of public interest 89 (1) (No) condition that cultural measures should apply without distinction 89 (4) The proportionality test: the assessment of cultural measures 93 (3) Conclusions 96 (3) The Application of the Competition Rules Introduction: the growing relevance of competition law 99 (2) In general: the material, personal and territorial scope of the competition rules 101 (14) The material scope 101 (3) The personal scope 104 (1) The concept of undertaking in general 104 (3) Horizontal and flanking activities 107 (6) The territorial scope 113 (2) Conclusions 115 (1) The application of the competition rules and the Member States 115 (66) Article 87 EC: the prohibition on state aids 115 (1) The grant of aid for horizontal and flanking policy reasons 116 (1) The scope of Article 87(1) EC: the concept of aid in relation to `normal undertakings' 117 (7) The scope of Article 87(1) EC: the concept of aid in relation to `public service undertakings' 124 (9) The distortion of competition and trade 133 (4) The exceptions: state aids that can be justified for horizontal and flanking policy reasons 137 (1) The scope of Articles 87(2) and 87(3) EC 137 (3) The environment 140 (4) Consumer protection 144 (1) Public health 145 (4) Culture 149 (4) Conclusions 153 (1) Article 86 EC: public undertakings and exclusive rights 153 (1) The scope of Article 86(1) EC: the concept of exclusive rights in relation to horizontal and flanking activities 154 (1) Exclusive rights and the competition rules: different approaches in the case law 155 (4) Article 86(2) EC: the justification for public service undertakings 159 (1) The scope of Article 86(2) EC in general 159 (6) The environment 165 (2) Consumer protection 167 (1) Public health 168 (1) Culture 169 (2) Conclusions 171 (1) Articles 3(1) sub g, 10 and 81 & 82 EC 172 (1) The useful effect doctrine 172 (5) Exceptions 177 (2) The relevance of the useful effect doctrine for national competition authorities 179 (2) Conclusions 181 (1) The application of the competition rules and undertakings 181 (66) Article 81 EC: the cartel prohibition 182 (1) Introduction 182 (1) Article 81(1) EC: the restriction of competition 183 (1) The object or effect to restrict competition 183 (3) Appreciability or De minimis 186 (3) The rule of reason 189 (2) Inherent restrictions 191 (7) Exemptions: restrictive practices that can be justified for horizontal and flanking policy reasons 198 (1) The scope of Article 81(3) EC 198 (5) The environment 203 (5) Consumer protection 208 (2) Public health 210 (4) Culture 214 (5) Conclusions 219 (2) Article 82: the prohibition on abuse of a dominant position 221 (1) The scope of Article 82 EC: abusive behaviour and horizontal and flanking policy considerations 221 (1) The abuse of a dominant position 222 (1) Dominance 223 (2) Abuse 225 (5) The objective justification 230 (1) Conclusions 231 (1) Merger Regulation 139/2004 232 (1) The scope of the Merger Regulation in relation to horizontal and flanking policies 232 (1) The appraisal of concentrations 233 (1) Dominance 234 (1) A significant impediment of competition 235 (5) Exceptions: legitimate public interests in Article 21(4) of the Merger Regulation 240 (2) Conclusions 242 (5) Harmonisation of Horizontal and Flanking Policies Introduction 247 (2) No `real' harmonisation of national legislation 249 (4) Harmonisation techniques 253 (7) Total harmonisation 253 (1) Minimum harmonisation 254 (5) The `New Approach' 259 (1) Harmonisation within the framework of the internal market 260 (37) Introduction 260 (1) Legal bases for harmonisation within the context of the Internal Market 261 (1) Article 95 EC 262 (1) Articles 47(2), 55 and 57 EC 262 (3) Article 308 EC 265 (2) Snus, Cigarettes and commercials: the potential and limits of harmonisation on the basis of internal market provisions 267 (7) Harmonisation of national horizontal and flanking policies on the basis of internal market legal bases 274 (1) Environmental policy and the internal market 274 (4) Consumer policy and the internal market 278 (6) Public health and the internal market 284 (1) Public health stricto sensu 285 (3) Health care 288 (2) Cultural policy and the internal market 290 (6) Conclusions 296 (1) Harmonisation beyond the internal market: specific legal bases 297 (14) Environmental policy as horizontal and flanking policy 298 (1) The legal basis for environmental policy 298 (1) An example of a harmonisation measure: the Transfer of Waste Regulation 299 (2) Consumer policy as horizontal and flanking policy 301 (1) The legal basis for consumer policy 301 (2) Measures adopted on the basis of Article 153 EC 303 (2) Public health policy as horizontal and flanking policy 305 (1) The legal basis for public health policy 305 (1) Measures adopted on the basis of Article 152 EC 306 (2) Cultural policy 308 (1) The legal basis for cultural policy 308 (1) Measures adopted on the basis of Article 151 EC 309 (2) Conclusions 311 (1) Harmonisation and free movement 311 (8) Towards a Synthesis Introduction 319 (1) Free movement 319 (6) Negative integration 320 (1) Prohibitive rules 320 (1) Exceptions 321 (1) Positive integration 322 (1) Harmonisation contributes to solving the problem of tension 322 (1) Minimum harmonisation 323 (1) Total harmonisation 324 (1) A wide margin of discretion of the community legislature to pursue horizontal and flanking policy interests 324 (1) Competition and the Member States 325 (3) Articles 86 and 87 EC 325 (1) The prohibitive rules 325 (1) Exceptions 326 (1) Community measures: no positive integration 327 (1) Competition and undertakings 328 (3) Articles 81, 82 EC and Merger Control 328 (1) The prohibitive rules 328 (1) Exceptions 329 (2) Community measures: no positive integration 331 (1) Coherence or convergence? ...”

Research methods in personality and social psychology

书本目录: “...Penner, Robert MacCallum Theory testing in personality and social psychology with structural equation models / J.S. ...”

The Changing environment of international financial markets : issues and analysis /

书本目录: “...Preface - Notes on the Contributors - PART 1: INTRODUCTION - Introduction; D.K.Ghosh & E.Ortiz - PART 2: EXCHANGE RATES MARKETS - Foreign Exchange Market Efficiency: A Look at London; J.P.Lajaunie, B.L.McManis & A.Naka - Freedom of Free Floating Exchange Rate: Empirical Analysis of Currency Fluctuation Patterns; M.A.Hashmi - PART 3: INTERNATIONAL INTEREST RATES - Statistical Analytical of Eurocurrency and Treasury Interest Rates from 1975 to 1991; C.Maxwell & L.Guin - A Cross-Country Comparison of Consumer Discount Rates; W.V.Weber, J.K.William & M.J.Morey - Interest Rate Parity, Covered Interest Arbitrage and Speculation under Market Imperfection; D.K.Ghosh - PART 4: BALANCE OF PAYMENTS AND INTERNATIONAL RESERVES - An Empirical Test on the Demand for International Reserves; A.N.Islam, M.Khan & M.M.Islam - The United States Current Account Deficit and Net Capital Inflow; E.Y.Lee & M.Szenberg - Balance of Payments Implications of the USSR for its Former Republics and the East European Countries; M.R.Zaman - PART 5: FOREIGN DEBT AND COUNTRY RISK ANALYSIS - Foreign Exchange Dynamics, Debt, and the Peso Problem; D.K.Ghosh - International Lending and Sovereign Debt in the Presence of Agency Costs: The Case of Mexico State University C.A.Erickson & E.Willman - A New Look at Country Risk Analysis: An Analytical Approach to Judgmental Risk Scoring; R.S.Koundinya - Political Risk in Latin American Stock Markets: A Rational Expectations Approach; B.Charmichael, J-C.Cosset & K.P.Fischer - PART 6: CAPITAL MARKETS - A Real Return Test of International Market Efficiency; S.Khaksari & N.Seitz - Risk Management and Corporate Governance in Imperfect Capital Markets; K.P.Fischer, E.Ortiz & A.P.Palasvirta - Structural Changes in the Korean Financial Market; J.Poznanska - An Analysis of Equity Markets of Quotation Systems; G.Duteil & A.Mulugetta - PART 7: TAXES, DISTORTIONS AND INTERNATIONAL BANKING - Economic Integration and Mexican Municipal Finances; A.Cabello - Optimum Distortions in Closed and Open Economies: Some Aspects of the Theory of Second Best; D.K.Ghosh & S.Ghosh - Socio-History of French Banks and Banking: Role Model for Global Banking; I.Finel-Honigman - Offshore Banking Centers: Prospects and Issues; E.N.Roussakis, K.Dandapani & A.J.Prakash - Index...”