Database systems : introduction to databases and data warehouses / Nenad Jukic, Susan Vrbsky and Svetlozar Nestorov

Includes index.

Machine generated contents note: ch. 1 Introduction
Initial Terminology
Steps in the Development of Database Systems
Database Requirements Collection, Definition, and Visualization
Database Modeling
Database Implementation
Developing Front-End Applications
Database Deployment
Database Use
Database Administration and Maintenance
The Next Version of the Database
Database Scope
People Involved with Database Systems
Database Analysts, Designers, and Developers
Front-End Applications Analysts and Developers
Database Administrators
Database End Users
Operational versus Analytical Databases
Relational DBMS
Book Topics Overview
Key Terms
Review Questions
ch. 2 Database Requirements And ER Modeling
Introduction
Basic ER Modeling Constructs
Entities
Attributes (Unique and Non-Unique)
Relationships
Cardinality Constraints
Types of Relationships (Maximum Cardinality-Wise). Note continued: Relationships and Relationship Instances
Relationship Attributes
Example: Set of Database Requirements and ER Diagram
Composite Attributes
Composite Unique Attribute
Multiple Unique Attributes (Candidate Keys)
Multivalued Attributes
Derived Attribute
Optional Attribute
Example: Entity Containing Various Types of Attributes
Exact Minimum and Maximum Cardinality in Relationships
Unary Relationships and Relationship Roles
Multiple Relationships Between Same Entities
Weak Entity
Naming Conventions for Entities, Attributes, and Relationships
Multiple ER Diagrams
Example: Another Set of Database Requirements and an ER Diagram
Database Requirements and ER Model Usage
Various ER Notations
Enhanced ER (EER)
A Note About M:N Relationships with Multiple Instances Between the Same Entities
A Note About Associative Entities
A Note About Ternary (and Higher Degree) Relationships
Summary. Note continued: Key Terms
Review Questions
Exercises
Mini Cases
ch. 3 Relational Database Modeling
Introduction
Relational Database Model: Bask Concepts
Primary Key
Mapping Entities into Relations
Mapping Entities with Composite Attributes into Relations
Mapping Entities with Unique Composite Attributes into Relations
Mapping Entities with Optional Attributes into Relations
Entity Integrity Constraint
Foreign Key
Mapping Relationships into Relational Database Constructs
Mapping 1:M Relationships
Mapping M:N Relationships
Mapping 1:1 Relationships
Referential Integrity Constraint
Example: Mapping an ER Diagram into a Relational Schema
Mapping Entities with Candidate Keys (Multiple Unique Attributes) into Relations
Mapping Entities with Multivalued Attributes into Relational Database Constructs
Mapping Entities with Derived Attributes into Relations. Note continued: Example: Mapping an Entity Containing Various Types of Attributes into a Relational Schema
Mapping Unary Relationships
Mapping 1:M Unary Relationships
Mapping M:N Unary Relationships
Mapping 1:1 Unary Relationships
Mapping Multiple Relationships Between the Same Entities
Mapping Weak Entities
Example: Mapping another ER Diagram into a Relational Schema
Relational Database Constraints
Implicit Constraints
User-Defined Constraints
A Note About Mapping Associative Entities
A Note About Mapping Ternary Relationships
A Note About Designer-Created Primary Keys and the Autonumber Option
A Note About Performing Both ER and Relational Modeling
Summary
Key Terms
Review Questions
Exercises
Mini Cases
ch. 4 Update Operations, Update Anomalies, And Normalization
Introduction
Update Operations
Insert Operation Example
Delete Operation Example
Modify Operation Example. Note continued: Update Operation Terminology Note
Update Anomalies
Example Scenario
Example Relation (Containing Redundant Data)
Insertion Anomaly
Deletion Anomaly
Modification Anomaly
Functional Dependencies
Functional Dependency Notation
Functional Dependencies Example
Streamlining Functional Dependencies
Augmented Functional Dependencies
Equivalent Functional Dependencies
Types of Functional Dependencies
Partial Functional Dependency
Full Key Functional Dependency
Transitive Functional Dependency
Another Functional Dependencies Example
Normalization
First Normal Form (1NF)
Second Normal Form (2NF)
Third Normal Form (3NF)
Other Normal Forms
Eliminating Redundancy and Resolving Update Anomalies
Another Normalization Example
A Note About Normalization Exceptions
A Note About Denormalization: Normalization versus Performance
A Note About ER Modeling versus Normalization. Note continued: A Note About Designer-Added Entities (Tables) and Keys for Streamlining Database Content
Key Terms
Review Questions
Exercises
ch. 5 SQL
Introduction
SQL Commands Overview
Data Definition Language (DDL)
Data Manipulation Language (DML)
Data Control Language (DCL) and Transaction Control Language (TCL)
SQL Data Types
Brief SQL Syntax Notes
CREATE TABLE
DROP TABLE
INSERT INTO
SELECT
WHERE
DISTINCT
ORDER BY
LIKE
Aggregate Functions
GROUP BY
HAVING
Nested Queries
IN
JOIN
Alias
Joining Multiple Relations
ALTER TABLE
UPDATE
DELETE
CREATE VIEW and DROP VIEW
Set Operators: UNION, INTERSECT, EXCEPT (MINUS)
Additional SQL Examples with Additional SQL Commands
CREATE TABLE (Additional Example)
INSERT INTO (Additional Example)
Constraint Management
SELECT (Additional Examples)
JOIN of a Relation with Itself (Self-JOIN)
OUTER JOIN. Note continued: JOIN without Using a Primary Key/Foreign Key Combination
IS NULL
EXISTS
NOT
Inserting from a Query
Other SQL Functionalities
A Note About Inappropriate Use of Observed Values in SQL
A Note About SQL Standard and SQL Syntax Differences
SQL Syntax Difference Note 1: DATE and TIME Data Types
SQL Syntax Difference Note 2: FOREIGN KEY
SQL Syntax Difference Note 3: Usage of AS Keyword with Aliases
SQL Syntax Difference Note 4: ALTER TABLE
SQL Syntax Difference Note 5: Set Operators
SQL Syntax Difference Note 6: FULL OUTER JOIN
SQL Syntax Difference Note 7: Constraint Management
SQL Syntax Difference Note 8: GROUP BY
Key Terms
Review Questions
Exercises
Mini Cases
ch. 6 Database Implementation And Use
Introduction
Referential Integrity Constraint: Delete and Update Implementation Options
Delete Options
Update Options
Implementing Delete and Update Options. Note continued: Implementing User-Defined Constraints
CHECK Clause
Other Mechanisms for Implementing User-Defined Constraints
Indexing
Database Front-End
Data Quality Issues
A Note About Assertions and Triggers
Key Terms
Review Questions
Exercises
ch. 7 Data Warehousing Concepts
Introduction
Analytical versus Operational Information
Data Makeup Differences
Technical Differences
Functional Differences
The Data Warehouse Definition
Structured Repository
Integrated
Subject Oriented
Enterprise-Wide
Historical
Time Variant
Retrieval of Analytical Information
Detailed and/or Summarized Data
Data Warehouse Components
Source Systems
Data Warehouse
ETL
Data Warehouse Front-End (BI) Applications
Data Marts
Steps in Development of Data Warehouses
Requirements Collection, Definition, and Visualization
Data Warehouse Modeling
Creating the Data Warehouse. Note continued: Creating ETL Infrastructure
Developing Front-End (BI) Applications
Data Warehouse Deployment
Date Warehouse Use
Data Warehouse Administration and Maintenance
The Next Version of the Data Warehouse
Key Terms
Review Questions
ch. 8 Data Warehouse And Data Mart Modeling
Introduction
Dimensional Modeling: Basic Concepts
Initial Example: Dimensional Model Based on a Single Source
Characteristics of Dimensions and Facts and the Analysis of the Initial Example
Expanded Example: Dimensional Model Based on Multiple Sources
Additional Possible Fact Attributes
Transaction Identifier in the Fact Table
Transaction Time in the Fact Table
Multiple Fact Tables in a Dimensional Model
Detailed versus Aggregated Fact Tables
Detailed Fact Table
Aggregated Fact Table
Detailed versus Aggregated Fact Table
Granularity of the Fact Table
Line-Item versus Transaction-Level Detailed Fact Table. Note continued: Slowly Changing Dimensions and Timestamps
Type 1 Approach
Type 2 Approach
Type 3 Approach
Additional Dimensional Modeling Issues
Snowflake Model
Cubes
Data Warehouse (Data Mart) Modeling Approaches
Normalized Data Warehouse
An Example of a Normalized Data Warehouse
Dimensionally Modeled Data Warehouse
An Example of a Dimensionally Modeled Warehouse
Independent Data Marts
A Note About Comparing Dimensional Modeling and ER Modeling as Data Warehouse/Data Mart Design Techniques
Key Terms
Review Questions
Exercises
Mini Cases
ch. 9 Data Warehouse Implementation And Use
Introduction
Creating a Data Warehouse
ETL: Extraction, Transformation, Load
Online Analytical Processing (OLAP)
OLAPIBI Tools
OLAPIBI Tools Functionalities
Slice and Dice
Pivot (Rotate)
Drill Down and Drill Up
Additional OLAP/BI Tools Functionality Notes
OLAPIBI Tools Purpose. Note continued: Data Warehouse/Data Mart Front-End (BI) Applications
Executive Dashboard
Data Warehouse Deployment
A Note About OLAP/BI Tools Database Models
A Note About OLAP/BI Tools Data Architecture Options
MOLAP
ROLAP
HOLAP
Key Terms
Review Questions
Exercises
ch. 10 Overview Of DBMS Functionalities And Database Administration
Introduction
DBMS Components
Database Administration Overview
Monitoring and Maintaining the Database System
Data Dictionary
Securing the Database Against Unauthorized Access
Providing Database Backup and Recovery
Ensuring Database Integrity
Optimizing Database Performance
Developing and Implementing Database Policies and Standards
Key Terms
Review Questions
Appendix A Enhanced ER
Appendix B Further Notes On Normalization And Higher Normal Forms
Appendix C Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP)
Appendix D Data Governance And Master Data Management. Note continued: Appendix E Object-Oriented Databases
Appendix F Distributed Databases, Parallel, Databases And Cloud Computing
Appendix G Data Mining
Appendix H XML
Appendix I NOSQL Databases
Appendix J Big Data

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